Skip to main content

Table 1 Sample description (weighted data) by indicator of mental health problem in past-year smokers and the subset of current smokers

From: Mental health, smoking, harm reduction and quit attempts – a population survey in England

 

All

Ever diagnosis

Past-month distress

Past-year treatment

Past-year cigarette smokers

 

No

Yes

Test statistics

Minimal

Moderate

Serious

Test statistics

No

Yes

Test statistics

Unweighted n

6071

3904

2167

3981

1499

591

4742

1329

Age, %

16–24

18.8

18.4

19.6

χ2 = 87.89, p < 0.001,

V = 0.118

15.1

25.9

26.1

χ2 = 207.65, p < 0.001,

V = 0.128

18.7

19.2

χ2 = 74.83, p < 0.001, V = 0.109

25–34

22.5

21.7

24.1

21.8

23.7

24.6

22.2

23.7

35–44

18.2

17.1

20.0

17.6

19.2

19.2

17.3

21.3

45–54

18.3

17.7

19.5

19.3

15.7

18.1

17.6

20.9

55–64

11.9

12.4

11.2

13.4

9.0

9.6

12.4

10.2

≥65

10.2

12.8

5.7

12.8

6.5

2.3

11.8

4.7

Gender, % a

Men

52.4

57.6

43.0

χ2 = 124.73, p < 0.001,

V = 0.141

55.5

48.2

41.2

χ2 = 58.32, p < 0.001,

V = 0.096

56.2

38.7

χ2 = 132.23, p < 0.001, V = 0.145

Women

47.6

42.4

57.0

44.5

51.8

58.8

43.8

61.3

Occupational grade, %

AB

14.9

16.0

13.1

χ2 = 209.54, p < 0.001,

V = 0.182

16.3

13.2

10.4

χ2 = 235.35, p < 0.001,

V = 0.136

15.8

11.7

χ2 = 253.20, p < 0.001, V = 0.200

C1

24.5

25.1

23.5

24.9

25.2

20.4

25.4

21.5

C2

25.7

27.8

21.9

27.7

23.0

18.6

27.3

20.0

D

20.2

21.2

18.3

20.7

18.7

19.9

20.5

18.8

E

14.7

9.9

23.2

10.4

19.9

30.7

11.0

27.9

Smoking, %

Daily cigs

81.6

82.0

81.0

χ2 = 3.58, p = 0.167,

V = 0.024

82.7

78.8

82.1

χ2 = 11.44, p = 0.022,

V = 0.030

81.6

81.8

χ2 = 8.60, p = 0.014, V = 0.037

Non-daily cigs

10.9

11.0

10.7

10.3

12.6

10.8

11.3

9.3

Stopped last year

7.5

7.0

8.3

7.0

8.7

7.2

7.1

8.8

Type of cigarette, % b

Manufactured

50.4

56.2

40.2

χ2 = 146.15, p < 0.001, V = 0.154

55.3

43.6

34.1

χ2 = 131.67, p < 0.001, V = 0.103

53.6

39.3

χ2 = 87.92, p < 0.001, V = 0.120

Roll-your-own

44.1

38.8

53.7

40.0

50.1

57.8

41.5

53.6

Mix

5.4

5.0

6.1

4.7

6.3

8.1

4.9

7.2

Urges to smoke, %

None

16.9

18.9

13.5

χ2 = 117.41, p < 0.001,

V = 0.136

18.4

14.8

12.6

χ2 = 179.27, p < 0.001,

V = 0.12

18.2

12.3

χ2 = 111.32, p < 0.001, V = 0.133

1

16.3

17.4

14.4

17.7

14.4

11.7

17.0

13.8

2

43.3

43.6

42.6

44.1

43.6

36.7

43.7

41.9

3

17.3

15.8

20.0

15.6

19.2

24.0

16.2

21.1

4

4.5

3.4

6.4

3.2

5.6

10.4

3.6

7.5

5

1.7

0.9

3.0

1.0

2.3

4.6

1.2

3.4

HSI, %

Low (< 4)

87.5

90.4

82.4

χ2 = 84.35, p < 0.001, V = 0.116

89.8

85.2

77.7

χ2 = 82.78, p < 0.001, V = 0.114

89.4

80.7

χ2 = 75.31, p < 0.001, V = 0.109

 

High (4+)

12.5

9.6

17.6

10.2

14.8

22.3

10.6

19.3

≥1 quit attempt, % b

Yes

32.5

30.4

36.2

χ2 = 22.00, p < 0.001,

V = 0.059

29.6

37.7

38.8

χ2 = 46.28, p < 0.001,

V = 0.086

30.8

38.3

χ2 = 27.05, p < 0.001, V = 0.065

Abstinence ≥ 1 month, %

Yes

12.9

12.3

13.8

χ2 = 3.01, p = 0.083, V = 0.022

11.6

16.1

13.4

χ2 = 20.39, p < 0.001, V = 0.057

12.5

14.1

χ2 = 2.40, p = 0.122, V = 0.019

Current cigarette smokers

Unweighted n

5637

3646

1991

 

3708

1381

548

 

4420

1217

 

MTSS %

In ≤3 months

14.4

13.3

16.3

χ2 = 9.79, p = 0.002, V = 0.041

13.0

17.7

15.6

χ2 = 19.30, p < 0.001, V = 0.057

13.6

17.3

χ2 = 11.15, p = 0.001, V = 0.044

Cutting down, %

Yes

46.1

43.1

51.4

χ2 = 37.12, p < 0.001, V = 0.080

42.8

52.2

53.3

χ2 = 49.39, p < 0.001, V = 0.092

44.5

52.0

χ2 = 22.57, p < 0.001, V = 0.062

Current NRT, %

Yes

8.5

7.5

10.5

χ2 = 15.60, p < 0.001, V = 0.052

7.6

10.0

11.2

χ2 = 13.33, p = 0.001, V = 0.048

7.6

11.8

χ2 = 22.26, p < 0.001, V = 0.062

Current EC, %

Yes

19.4

17.1

23.5

χ2 = 34.78, p < 0.001, V = 0.077

16.6

25.5

23.0

χ2 = 57.95, p < 0.001, V = 0.100

18.1

23.9

χ2 = 21.10, p < 0.001, V = 0.060

Current NRT or EC, %

Yes

25.4

22.6

30.5

χ2 = 44.64, p < 0.001, V = 0.087

22.3

31.6

30.6

χ2 = 56.02, p < 0.001, V = 0.098

23.5

32.4

χ2 = 41.13, p < 0.001, V = 0.084

Weekly spend Mean (SD) b

£

22.6 (17.1)

23.3 (17.3)

21.4 (16.7)

F = 15.30, p < 0.001

23.3 (17.3)

21.5 (16.8)

20.8 (16.2)

F = 8.75, p < 0.001

22.7 (17.1)

22.3 (17.0)

F = 0.57, p = 0.45

Weekly spend Median b

£

20

20

16

p < 0.001

20

17

15

p < 0.001

20

17

p = 0.33

  1. MTSS Motivation to stop smoking
  2. aThe provided third option was not used by anyone in the included sample
  3. bType of cigarette missing unweighted n = 164, weekly spend missing unweighted n = 216
  4. cThe median number of quit attempts was 0 for all groups; the mean number of quit attempts overall was 0.59 (SD = 3.10), this was similar for those with (M = 0.67; SD = 3.00) and without diagnosis (M = 0.55, SD = 3.15; F(1,6316) = 2.13, p = 0.14), with (M = 0.71, SD = 2.82) and without past-year treatment (M = 0.56, SD = 3.17; F(1,6316) = 2.42, p = 0.112) and differed slightly across levels of distress (minimal: M = 0.51, SD = 3.08, moderate: M = 0.76, SD = 3.55, serious: M = 0.70, SD = 1.66; F(2,6315) = 3.93, p = 0.02)
Back to article page

BMC Public Health

ISSN: 1471-2458

Contact us