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Table 3 Multivariate complex survey logistic regression estimates of HIV prevalence (N = 14,779)

From: Spatial analysis of factors associated with HIV infection in Malawi: indicators for effective prevention

Demographic Characteristic

OR

Std. Err.

P-value

95% CI of OR

Lower

Upper

Gender

 Male

Ref.

    

 Female

2.36

0.24

< 0.001

1.94

2.87

Age

 15–19

Ref

    

 20–24

1.38

0.30

0.14

0.90

2.10

 25–29

2.43

0.51

< 0.001

1.61

3.66

 30–34

4.02

0.85

< 0.001

2.66

6.08

 35–39

4.90

0.95

< 0.001

3.35

7.19

 40–44

5.83

1.15

< 0.001

3.95

8.60

 45–49

5.91

1.29

< 0.001

3.85

9.08

 50+

9.42

2.55

< 0.001

5.54

16.01

Education

 Post-Secondary

Ref.

    

 No education

1.06

0.32

0.85

0.59

1.90

 Primary

1.25

0.32

0.39

0.75

2.07

 Secondary

1.01

0.26

0.96

0.61

1.68

Marital Status

 Never Married

Ref.

    

 Currently Married

1.32

0.30

0.23

0.84

2.07

 Ever Marrieda

1.88

0.41

< 0.001

1.22

2.90

Religion

 Other Protestants

Ref

    

 Catholic

0.90

.10

0.35

0.71

1.13

 Church of Central Africa Presbyterian.

1.03

0.11

0.80

0.83

1.27

 Muslim

0.77

0.10

0.05

0.59

1.00

 No Religion/Other

1.53

0.49

0.18

0.82

2.85

Total number of lifetime sexual partners

 1

Ref.

    

 0

0.96

0.31

0.90

0.51

1.80

 2

2.17

.24

< 0.001

1.75

2.69

 3–4

3.12

0.39

< 0.001

2.45

3.97

 5–9

3.10

0.54

< 0.001

2.21

4.36

 10+

5.32

1.06

< 0.001

3.59

7.87

 Undisclosed

2.88

1.55

0.05

1.01

8.26

Use of condom/use condom for most recent sex

 Yes

Ref

    

 No

0.57

0.07

< 0.001

0.45

0.72

 Never had recent Sex

0.88

0.14

0.43

0.64

1.21

Number of extra marital sex partners

None

Ref

    

 1

0.87

0.13

0.35

0.64

1.17

 2+

0.40

0.16

0.02

0.18

0.89

 Undisclosed

16.39

18.59

0.01

1.77

151.94

Had any STI last 12 months

 Yes

Ref

    

 No

0.57

0.11

< 0.001

0.39

0.82

 Don’t know

0.23

0.25

0.18

0.03

1.93

Household Wealth

 Richest

Ref

    

 Poor

0.72

0.10

0.02

0.54

0.95

 Rich

0.82

0.12

0.17

0.62

1.09

Place of residence

 Rural

Ref

    

 Urban

2.16

0.35

< 0.001

1.57

2.97

Region of Residence

 Northern Region

Ref

    

 Central region

1.09

0.19

0.63

0.77

1.53

 Southern region

2.66

0.40

< 0.001

1.98

3.57

Model Details

 Population size

14,779

    

 Number of observations

14,779

    

 Number of strata

56

    

 Number of Primary Sampling Uuits

850

    

 Design df

794

    

 F (35, 760)

23.92

    

 Prob > F

< 0.001

    

 McKelvey and Zavoina’s R2

0.324

    
  1. aEver Married: included those who were divorced, separated and widowed