Table 4 Overall and subgroup analyses of short and long sleep duration with all-cause mortality in the older people

 Mortality (unadjusted)

23/26

1.15 (1.06–1.25); <.001

71.5%

1.43 (1.30–1.58); <.001

88.6%

 Mortality (adjusted)

32/36

1.04 (1.00–1.09); .033

16.1%

1.24 (1.16–1.33); <.001

76.2%

 Both genders

20/23

1.04 (0.99–1.08); .096

11.1%

1.20 (1.11–1.29); <.001

79.0%

 Men

8/8

1.13 (1.04–1.24); .007

0.0%

1.31 (1.10–1.58); .003

62.3%

 Women

8/9

1.00 (0.85–1.18); .999

58.6%

1.48 (1.18–1.86); .001

80.4%

 America

12/13

1.08 (1.03–1.14); .002

0.0%

1.19 (1.07–1.31); .001

78.2%

 Europe

6/7

1.03 (0.93–1.14); .627

0.0%

1.01 (0.93–1.09); .823

0.0%

 Asia

14/16

1.04 (0.96–1.12); .384

40.6%

1.41 (1.26–1.57); <.001

75.4%

 Nighttime

19/23

1.05 (0.99–1.13); .113

17.8%

1.25 (1.13–1.38); <.001

73.7%

 24 h

13/13

1.04 (0.99–1.10); .146

19.9%

1.25 (1.14–1.36); <.001

76.2%

 Questionnaire

30/34

1.04 (1.00–1.09); .055

20.5%

1.26 (1.17–1.35); <.001

76.8%

 Actigraphy

1/1

1.12 (0.89–1.42); .342

─*

0.83 (0.61–1.13); .233

─

 Both

1/1

1.12 (0.75–1.68); .582

─

1.24 (0.73–2.10); .425

─

  ≥ 7.5

20/22

1.07 (1.02–1.12); .006

15.2%

1.24 (1.14–1.34); <.001

80.2%

  < 7.5

13/14

0.99 (0.93–1.05); .736

0.0%

1.27 (1.12–1.45); <.001

68.3%

  < 65

11/11

1.21 (1.02–1.23); .018

18.2%

1.38 (1.19–1.60); <.001

61.5%

  ≥ 65

21/25

1.03 (0.99–1.07); .193

4.2%

1.20 (1.11–1.30); <.001

78.2%

  ≤ 5 h

15

1.06 (1.01–1.11); .014

12.3%

─

─

  ≤ 6 h

27

1.05 (1.01–1.10); .031

26.7%

─

─

  ≤ 7 h

32

1.04 (1.00–1.09); .033

16.1%

─

─

  ≥ 8 h

33

─

─

1.24 (1.16–1.33); <.001

77.9%

  ≥ 9 h

26

─

─

1.31 (1.21–1.41); <.001

71.9%

  ≥ 10 h

10

─

─

1.45 (1.24–1.70); <.001

82.6%