Table 2 General characteristics of subjects by mediators
OA (N = 2782) | Non-OA (N = 7347) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Limitations in activities | Yes | No | Pvalue | Yes | No | Pvalue |
(N = 877) | (N = 1905) | (N = 657) | (N = 6690) | |||
Age (years) | 68.5 ± 8.4 | 66.4 ± 8.6 | < 0.001 | 63.7 ± 8.5 | 61.5 ± 8.4 | < 0.001 |
Sex | 0.923 | 0.057 | ||||
Men | 255 (29.1) | 487 (25.6) | 327 (49.8) | 3311 (49.5) | ||
Women | 622 (70.9) | 1418 (74.4) | 330 (50.2) | 3379 (50.5) | ||
Marriage status | < 0.001 | 0.007 | ||||
Cohabitant, spouse | 562 (64.1) | 1321 (69.3) | 508 (77.3) | 5660 (84.6) | ||
Divorced, separated, single, widowed | 315 (35.9) | 584 (30.7) | 149 (22.7) | 1030 (15.4) | ||
Household composition | < 0.001 | 0.001 | ||||
One-person household | 190 (21.7) | 305 (16.0) | 82 (12.5) | 539 (8.1) | ||
One-generation household | 354 (40.4) | 763 (40.1) | 273 (41.6) | 2429 (36.3) | ||
Two-generation household | 233 (26.6) | 585 (30.7) | 238 (36.2) | 2995 (44.8) | ||
Three-generation household or more | 100 (11.4) | 252 (13.2) | 64 (9.7) | 727 (10.9) | ||
Household income | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | ||||
Lower | 477 (54.4) | 787 (41.3) | 247 (37.6) | 1471 (22.0) | ||
Lower middle | 219 (25.0) | 500 (26.2) | 176 (26.8) | 1732 (25.9) | ||
Upper middle | 107 (12.2) | 322 (16.9) | 135 (20.5) | 1622 (24.2) | ||
Upper | 74 (8.4) | 296 (15.5) | 99 (15.1) | 1865 (27.9) | ||
Residence | 0.034 | 0.007 | ||||
Town | 521 (59.4) | 1235 (64.8) | 487 (74.1) | 5207 (77.8) | ||
Rural | 356 (40.6) | 670 (35.2) | 170 (25.9) | 1483 (22.2) | ||
Education level | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | ||||
Elementary school graduate or lower | 645 (73.5) | 1261 (66.2) | 319 (48.6) | 2368 (35.4) | ||
Middle school graduate | 133 (15.2) | 283 (14.9) | 118 (18.0) | 1232 (18.4) | ||
High school graduate | 76 (8.7) | 268 (14.1) | 151 (23.0) | 2025 (30.3) | ||
College graduate or higher | 23 (2.6) | 93 (4.9) | 69 (10.5) | 1065 (15.9) | ||
Occupation | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | ||||
White collar and service | 49 (5.6) | 245 (12.9) | 78 (11.9) | 1577 (23.6) | ||
Blue collar and farmer | 239 (27.3) | 695 (36.5) | 172 (26.2) | 2342 (35.0) | ||
Unemployed | 589 (67.2) | 965 (50.7) | 407 (61.9) | 2771 (41.4) | ||
Type of insurance | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | ||||
Medical aid system | 78 (8.9) | 70 (3.7) | 61 (9.3) | 122 (1.8) | ||
National health insurance | 799 (91.1) | 1835 (96.3) | 596 (90.7) | 6568 (98.2) | ||
Private insurance | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | ||||
No | 548 (62.5) | 1007 (52.9) | 345 (52.5) | 2265 (33.9) | ||
Yes | 329 (37.5) | 898 (47.1) | 312 (47.5) | 4425 (66.1) | ||
Current status of smoking | 0.223 | 0.106 | ||||
No | 763 (87.0) | 1699 (89.2) | 557 (84.8) | 5541 (82.8) | ||
Yes | 114 (13.0) | 206 (10.8) | 100 (15.2) | 1149 (17.2) | ||
Monthly status of drinking | < 0.001 | 0.015 | ||||
No | 613 (69.9) | 1241 (65.1) | 409 (62.3) | 3386 (50.6) | ||
Yes | 264 (30.1) | 664 (34.9) | 248 (37.7) | 3304 (49.4) | ||
Execution of muscle strengthening exercise | 0.024 | 0.01 | ||||
No | 792 (90.3) | 1653 (86.8) | 522 (79.5) | 5045 (75.4) | ||
Yes | 85 (9.7) | 252 (13.2) | 135 (20.5) | 1645 (24.6) | ||
Depression | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | ||||
No | 807 (92.0) | 1851 (97.2) | 610 (92.8) | 6575 (98.3) | ||
Yes | 70 (8.0) | 54 (2.8) | 47 (7.2) | 115 (1.7) | ||
Obesity | 0.607 | 0.401 | ||||
No | 527 (60.1) | 1111 (58.3) | 434 (66.1) | 4491 (67.1) | ||
Yes | 350 (39.9) | 794 (41.7) | 223 (33.9) | 2199 (32.9) | ||
Hypertension | 0.052 | 0.034 | ||||
No | 338 (38.5) | 817 (42.9) | 327 (49.8) | 3600 (53.8) | ||
Yes | 539 (61.5) | 1088 (57.1) | 330 (50.2) | 3090 (46.2) | ||
Diabetes | < 0.001 | 0.113 | ||||
No | 687 (78.3) | 1543 (81.0) | 501 (76.3) | 5618 (84.0) | ||
Yes | 190 (21.7) | 362 (19.0) | 156 (23.7) | 1072 (16.0) | ||
Hyperlipidemia | 0.003 | 0.417 | ||||
No | 644 (73.4) | 1428 (75.0) | 485 (73.8) | 5274 (78.8) | ||
Yes | 233 (26.6) | 477 (25.0) | 172 (26.2) | 1416 (21.2) | ||
Unmet needs | ||||||
Unmet needs in all causes | 365 (41.6) | 513 (26.9) | < 0.001 | 141 (21.5) | 750 (11.2) | < 0.001 |
Availability | 38 (4.3) | 133 (7.0) | 0.009 | 31 (4.7) | 220 (3.3) | 0.07 |
Accessibility | 206 (23.5) | 205 (10.8) | < 0.001 | 65 (9.9) | 181 (2.7) | < 0.001 |
Financial accessibility | 165 (18.8) | 175 (9.2) | < 0.001 | 57 (8.7) | 157 (2.3) | < 0.001 |
Transportation accessibility | 41 (4.7) | 30 (1.6) | < 0.001 | 8 (1.2) | 24 (0.4) | 0.004 |
Acceptability | 60 (6.8) | 126 (6.6) | 0.888 | 30 (4.6) | 292 (4.4) | 0.888 |