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Table 1 Descriptive statistics of women and men in the study (in means and percentages)

From: Work-life balance and self-reported health among working adults in Europe: a gender and welfare state regime comparative analysis

 

Nordic

Conservative

Liberal

Southern

CEE

Variables

Women (n = 1770)

Men (n = 1723)

Women (n = 4535)

Men (n = 4443)

Women (n = 1113)

Men (n = 1252)

Women (n = 3741)

Men (n = 4030)

Women (n = 5322)

Men (n = 4346)

 

% or Mean

% or Mean

% or Mean

% or Mean

% or Mean

% or Mean

% or Mean

% or Mean

% or Mean

% or Mean

Work-Life Balance

 Good

86.89

85.61

85.05

81.99

84.64

80.99

80.99

76.48

84.74

80.9

 Poor

13.11

14.39

14.95

18.01

15.36

19.01

19.01

23.52

15.26

19.1

Self-Reported Health

 Good

80.85

80.79

79.79

80.1

87.15

84.82

79.12

81.22

73.02

76.25

 Poor

19.15

19.21

20.22

19.9

12.85

15.18

20.88

18.78

26.98

23.75

Age

44.59

44.49

42.73

42.82

42.28

43.12

41.59

42.26

43.44

42.42

Household Size

2.76

2.79

2.67

2.65

2.81

2.87

2.93

2.9

2.87

2.89

Marital Status

 Single or Widowed

31.58

28.09

38.17

33.2

39.8

30.75

38.23

35.93

31.75

30.67

 Married or Cohabiting

68.42

71.91

61.83

66.8

60.2

69.25

61.77

64.07

68.25

69.33

Living with a child

 No

49.49

51.31

47.78

55.84

49.78

57.59

47.79

55.31

47.43

55.87

 Yes

50.51

48.69

52.22

44.16

50.22

42.41

52.21

44.69

52.57

44.13

Education

 Early Childhood

0.28

–

0.24

0.32

0.72

0.24

0.94

1.36

–

–

 Primary

0.56

1.22

2.4

2.32

0.81

2.32

7.11

7.64

0.23

0.46

 Lower Secondary

4.63

8.47

10.39

11.01

20.84

27

17.94

21.34

7.22

8.86

 Upper Secondary

27.85

39.12

46.46

50.51

20.4

20.77

27.69

30.65

48.37

58.19

 Post Secondary Non-Tertiary

8.7

9.05

5.49

4.52

8.81

6.79

10.85

10.5

9.45

8.31

 Short Cycle Tertiary

22.82

14.57

12.04

8.24

12.94

11.98

12.67

10.05

7.2

4.37

 Bachelor

14.97

9.87

9.61

8.6

20.04

19.81

17.05

12.9

14.66

9.96

 Master

18.7

16.42

12.13

13.19

14.38

9.98

4.7

4.27

12.34

9.18

 Doctorate

1.47

1.28

1.23

1.31

1.08

1.12

1.04

1.29

0.54

0.67

ISCO

 Armed Forces Occupation

–

0.75

0.07

0.56

–

0.16

0.03

1.04

0.15

0.81

 Managers

5.2

9

4.63

8.35

11.86

15.97

3.42

5.46

5.07

7.89

 Professionals

36.05

25.48

21.35

17.17

25.07

18.37

20.85

14.07

22.66

10.26

 Technicians and Associate

19.15

14.74

15.41

15.55

11.86

10.86

7.51

10.05

11.78

10.38

 Clerical Support Workers

6.84

4.24

15.21

7.22

12.85

4.31

15.24

8.09

10.28

4.16

 Service and Sales

22.49

11.14

27.32

12.6

28.84

13.26

29.72

18.06

28.18

13.09

 Skilled Agricultural, Forestry and Fish

1.36

3.19

0.57

1.8

0.9

5.19

1.76

4.09

1.94

3.06

 Craft and Related Trades

1.81

15.9

1.52

19.42

0.72

13.02

3.56

19.73

5.79

27.47

 Plant and Machine Operators and Assembly

1.75

11.43

1.32

10.42

1.44

11.1

2.67

9.06

3.96

15.42

 Elementary Occupation

5.37

4.12

12.59

6.69

6.47

7.75

15.24

10.35

10.18

7.46

NACE

 Agric

1.81

4.82

0.97

2.86

1.35

6.63

2.51

5.36

3.25

5.84

 Industry

9.72

30.82

9.72

31.56

7.37

27.56

10.48

27.82

17.16

39.76

 Service and Sales

81.19

59.61

79.96

61.33

84.64

61.74

73.96

61.74

72.57

50.21

 Other

7.29

4.76

9.35

4.25

6.65

4.07

13.04

5.09

7.03

4.19

Sector

 Private

44.86

70.75

63.97

73.42

55.35

76.84

73.22

77.1

61.95

76.21

 Public

50.96

23.51

25.12

18.79

37.47

19.49

20.69

16.9

33.62

19.1

 Joint Private-Public

2.88

4.53

6.26

5.65

2.79

2.32

2.65

2.48

2.33

2.92

 NGO

0.56

0.7

3.09

1.19

3.41

1.12

0.37

0.4

0.9

0.37

 Other

0.73

0.5

1.57

0.95

0.99

0.24

3.07

3.13

1.2

1.4

Shift Work

 Yes

19.77

14.68

16.82

18.16

21.65

21.57

20.26

20.87

30.01

24.76

 No

80.23

85.32

83.18

81.84

78.35

78.43

79.74

79.13

69.99

75.24

Weekly Hours

 30 h and Below

27.12

15.96

44.98

16.36

48.7

22.52

34.43

20.42

19.6

15.19

 31–40 h

63.11

62.04

44.21

59.87

39.44

46.01

50.63

51.22

63.28

54.58

 41–50 h

7.63

14.68

7.96

15.71

7.64

18.21

10.24

17.2

12.98

19.44

 51h hrs

2.15

7.31

2.84

8.06

4.22

13.26

4.7

11.17

4.13

10.79

Working Arrangement

 Set by Company

36.16

32.97

51.03

52.31

62.08

51.84

69.07

64.27

72.27

68.43

 Can Choose between Fixed Schedule

9.1

6.5

12.22

7.79

7.91

8.71

6.42

5.04

6.95

5.57

 Flexible Time

42.88

42.77

24.17

24.02

20.58

22.28

11.31

9.9

11.01

11.9

 Working Time is Determined by Self

11.86

17.76

12.59

15.89

9.43

17.17

9.77

20.79

9.77

14.1

Type of Employment

 Employee

93.95

87.35

90.76

87.19

90.66

77.4

85

76

90.83

85.07

 Self-Employed

6.05

12.65

9.24

12.81

9.34

22.6

15

24

9.17

14.93