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Table 4 Factors associated with CHE and proportion of CHE among subgroups of patients attending cancer treatment services in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia 2018

From: Catastrophic healthcare expenditure and coping strategies among patients attending cancer treatment services in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

Variables

Proportion of CHE

N, % (95% CI)

COR (95% CI)

AOR (95% CI)

Type of Health Facility

 Private

16, 76.2 (53.3–89.9)

1.11 (0.39–3.11)

1.29 (0.38–4.40)

 Publica

246, 74.3 (69.3–78.7)

1.00

1.00

Type of cancer

 Breast cancer

94, 72.3 (63.9–79.4)

1.10 (0.55–2.14)

0.72 (0.31–1.66)

 Colorectal cancer

32, 69.6 (54.7–81.2)

0.95 (0.41–2.21)

0.68 (0.22–2.10)

 NPC

11, 84.6 (53.3–96.3)

2.28 (0.46–11.40)

2.92 (0.41–20.7)

 Others

84, 80.0 (71.2–86.6)

1.66 (0.79–3.48)

1.33 (0.52–3.43)

 Cervical cancera

41, 70.7 (57.6–81.0)

1.00

1.00

Cycles of chemotherapy taken

  ≤ 3 cycles

71, 73.2 (63.4–81.1)

1.21 (0.54–2.74)

1.25 (0.47–3.35)

 4–6 cycles

113, 72.9 (65.3–79.3)

1.20 (0.55–2.57)

1.31 (0.52–3.43)

  > 6 cycles

51, 83.6 (72.0–91.0)

2.27 (0.87–5.92)

3.64 (1.11–11.92)

 On other treatment optionsa

27, 69.2 (53.0–81.8)

1.00

1.00

Private health facility visit

 No

97, 75.2 (67.0–82.0)

1.06 (0.65–1.75)

1.19 (0.66–2.13)

 Yesa

165, 74.0 (67.8–79.3)

1.00

1.00

Age

–

1.01 (0.99–1.03)

1.03 (1.01–1.06)

Household size

–

0.95 (0.87–1.04)

0.95 (0.85–1.07)

Gender

 Male

72, 76.6 (66.9–84.1)

1.17 (0.67–2.03)

1.01 (0.41–2.46)

 Femalea

190, 73.6 (67.9–78.7)

1.00

1.00

Marital status

 Single

26, 76.5 (59.2–87.9)

1.14 (0.50–2.63)

1.91 (0.60–6.13)

 Divorced

14, 73.7 (49.4–88.9)

0.98 (0.34–2.82)

1.20 (0.34–4.20)

 Widowed

11, 78.6 (49.2–93.2)

1.29 (0.35–4.74)

1.48 (0.31–6.96)

 Marrieda

211, 74.0 (68.6–78.8)

1.00

1.00

Residence

 Out of Addis Ababa

158, 75.6 (69.3–81.0)

1.16 (0.72–1.89)

1.07 (0.61–1.86)

 In Addis Ababaa

104, 72.7 (64.8–79.4)

1.00

1.00

Level of Education

 No formal education

93, 73.2 (64.8–80.2)

0.93 (0.53–1.64)

0.47 (0.18–1.26)

 Grade 1–8

28, 82.4 (65.5–92.0)

1.59 (0.60–4.20)

0.99 (0.30–3.26)

 Grade 9–12

50, 72.5 (60.7–81.8)

0.89 (0.46–1.75)

0.59 (0.25–1.42)

 College and abovea

91, 74.6 (66.1–81.6)

1.00

1.00

Occupation

 Own private business

39, 79.6 (65.8–88.7)

1.40 (0.62–3.20)

2.21 (0.79–6.17)

 Housewife/Husband

107, 77.0 (69.2–83.3)

1.21 (0.67–2.17)

2.30 (0.87–6.01)

 Retired

22, 61.1 (44.5–75.6)

0.56 (0.25–1.26)

0.48 (0.17–1.33)

 Others

19, 73.1 (52.8–86.8)

0.98 (0.37–2.58)

1.17 (0.30–4.55)

 Employed private/governmenta

75, 73.5 (64.1–81.2)

1.00

1.00

Income quintile

 Lowest

49, 66.2 (54.6–76.1)

1.04 (0.52–2.09)

0.85 (0.18–3.86)

 Second

58, 78.4 (67.4–86.4)

1.93 (0.92–4.06)

1.30 (0.38–4.38)

 Middle

50, 78.1 (66.2–86.7)

1.91 (0.88–4.12)

1.21 (0.41–3.57)

 Fourth

60, 84.5 (74.0–91.3)

2.91 (1.29–6.55)

2.66 (0.97–7.29)

 Highesta

45, 65.2 (53.2–75.6)

1.00

1.00

Expenditure quintile

 Lowest

48, 67.6 (55.8–77.5)

1.27 (0.58–2.58)

1.49 (0.30–7.34)

 Second

51, 72.8 (61.2–82.1)

1.58 (0.74–3.38)

1.52 (0.42–5.50)

 Middle

62, 86.1 (75.9–92.4)

3.65 (1.53–8.68)

3.04 (0.91–10.17)

 Fourth

67, 78.8 (68.7–86.3)

2.19 (1.02–4.67)

1.49 (0.52–4.33)

 Highesta

34, 63.0 (49.3–74.8)

1.00

1.00

  1. a: reference group; Bold: significant association at 95% CI (COR and AOR); AOR Adjusted odds ratio; COR:Crude odds ratio