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Table 4 Regression analysis on the moderating role of family affluence in the relation between addictive behaviors and sleep, and mental health outcomes

From: The association of healthy lifestyle behaviors with mental health indicators among adolescents of different family affluence in Belgium

 

Dependent variable: mental health outcomes

Depression a

Anxiety a

Stress a

Self-esteem b

Full model results (direct effects, only family affluence)

BIC = 5007.032

CAIC = 5010.032

BIC = 5007.17

CAIC = 5010.17

BIC = 6010.34

CAIC = 6013.34

F (1, 973) = 7.57, p = 0.006, adj. R2 = 0.01

 

Exp(B), (95% CI)

β (B; SE)

Family affluence (ref. low/medium)

0.90 (0.70; 1.15)

0.97 (0.77; 1.23)

0.95 (0.78; 1.17)

0.09 (0.25; 0.09)**

Full model results (direct effects, all background variables)

BIC = 3927.32

CAIC = 3933.32

BIC = 3906.11

CAIC = 3912.11

BIC = 4674.49

CAIC = 4680.49

F(4, 751) = 10.54, p < .001, adj. R2 = 0.05

 

Exp(B), (95% CI)

β (B; SE)

Age

1.07 (1.01; 1.15)*

1.05 (0.99; 1.12)°

1.04 (0.99; 1.10)

0.00 (0.00; 0.02)

Gender (ref. girls)

0.63 (0.51; 0.78) ***

0.65 (0.53; 0.79)

***

0.69 (0.57; 0.82)***

0.21 (0.46; 0.08)***

Family affluence (ref. low/medium)

0.90 (0.67; 1.19)

0.91 (0.70; 1.19)

0.93 (0.73; 1.18)

0.09 (0.26; 0.10)**

BMI

1.01 (0.98; 1.05)

1.01 (0.98; 1.04)

1.02 (0.99; 1.05)

−0.04 (−0.01; 0.01)

Full model results (direct effects)

BIC = 3766.55

CAIC = 3775.55

BIC = 3718.42

CAIC = 3727.42

BIC = 4466.80

CAIC = 4475.80

F(7, 716) = 7.84; p < .001, adj. R2 = 0.06

 

Exp(B), (95% CI)

β (B; SE)

Age

0.99 (0.92; 1.07)

0.98 (0.91; 1.04)

0.98 (0.92; 1.04)

0.05 (0.03; 0.03)

Gender

0.63 (0.51; 0.79) ***

0.63 (0.52; 0.77) ***

0.66 (0.55; 0.79)***

0.22 (0.48; 0.08)***

Family Affluence

0.92 (0.68; 1.22)

0.93 (0.71; 1.23)

0.94 (0.74; 1.20)

0.10 (0.28; 0.09)**

BMI

1.00 (0.97; 1.04)

1.01 (0.98; 1.04)

1.01 (0.98; 1.04)

−0.03 (−0.01; 0.01)

Alcohol consumption

1.02 (0.98; 1.06)

1.02 (0.99; 1.06)

1.03 (1.00; 1.06)

−0.05 (− 0.01; 0.01)

Smoking

1.11 (0.98; 1.25)°

1.16 (1.03; 1.30)*

1.12 (1.01; 1.25)*

−0.02 (− 0.02; 0.04)

Perceived sleep duration

0.87 (0.80; 0.94) ***

0.87 (0.81; 0.94) ***

0.91 (0.85; 0.98)**

0.12 (0.01; 0.03)**

Full model results (Interaction effects)

BIC = 3783.63

CAIC = 3795.63

BIC = 3735.21

CAIC = 3747.21

BIC = 4484.57

CAIC = 4496.57

F(10, 713) = 5.83, p < .001, adj. R2 = 0.06

 

Exp(B), (95% CI)

β (B; SE)

Age

0.99 (0.92; 1.06)

0.98 (0.91;1.04)

0.98 (0.92; 1.04)

0.05 (0.03; 0.03)

Gender (ref. girls)

0.63 (0.51; 0.79) ***

0.63 (0.52; 0.78) ***

0.67 (0.56; 0.80)***

0.22 (0.47; 0.08)***

Family Affluence (ref. low/medium)

0.89 (0.65; 1.20)

0.90 (0.68; 1.20)

0.93 (0.73; 1.20)

0.09 (0.26; 0.11)*

BMI

1.00 (0.97; 1.04)

1.01 (0.98; 1.04)

1.01 (0.98; 1.04)

−0.03 (−0.01; 0.01)

Alcohol consumption

1.12 (0.98; 1.25)°

1.09 (0.99; 1.21)°

1.07 (0.98; 1.16)

−0.13 (− 0.01; 0.04)

Smoking

1.02 (0.77; 1.37)

1.09 (0.82; 1.44)

1.15 (0.90; 1.45)

−0.11 (− 0.12; 0.10)

Perceived sleep duration

0.80 (0.64; 0.99)*

0.82 (0.70; 0.98)*

0.90 (0.77; 1.05)

−0.00 (− 0.00; 0.06)

Alcohol * FAS

0.92 (0.81; 1.04)

0.92 (0.83; 1.03)

0.96 (0.87; 1.05)

−0.02 (− 0.01; 0.04)

Smoking * FAS

1.08 (0.79; 1.48)

1.06 (0.78; 1.44)

0.96 (0.74; 1.25)

0.10 (0.12; 0.11)

Sleep * FAS

1.09 (0.87; 1.38)

1.06 (0.87; 1.29)

1.01 (0.85; 1.20)

0.14 (0.12; 0.07)

Parsimonious model results (direct effects)

BIC = 4753.20

CAIC = 4758.20

BIC = 4721.28

CAIC = 4726.28

BIC = 5694.01

CAIC = 5699.01

F(3, 938) = 21.26, p < .001, adj. R2 = 0.06

 

Exp(B), (95% CI)

β (B; SE)

Gender (ref. girls)

0.68 (0.56; 0.82) ***

0.66 (0.55; 0.79) ***

0.72 (0.61; 0.84)***

0.19 (0.41; 0.07)***

Family Affluence

Not included

Not included

Not included

0.10 (0.29; 0.09)***

Smoking

1.15 (1.05; 1.27)**

1.17 (1.07; 1.28) ***

1.16 (1.07; 1.26)***

Not included

Sleep

0.86 (0.80; 0.92) ***

0.87 (0.82; 0.93) ***

0.91 (0.86; 0.97)**

0.15 (0.12; 0.02)***

  1. ° p ≤ .1; * p ≤ 0.05; ** p ≤ .01; *** p ≤ .001
  2. aGamma generalized linear model
  3. bGeneral linear model