| Dependent variable: mental health outcomes | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
Depression a | Anxiety a | Stress a | Self-esteem b | |
Full model results (direct effects, only family affluence) | BIC = 5007.032 CAIC = 5010.032 | BIC = 5007.17 CAIC = 5010.17 | BIC = 6010.34 CAIC = 6013.34 | F (1, 973) = 7.57, p = 0.006, adj. R2 = 0.01 |
 | Exp(B), (95% CI) | β (B; SE) | ||
Family affluence (ref. low/medium) | 0.90 (0.70; 1.15) | 0.97 (0.77; 1.23) | 0.95 (0.78; 1.17) | 0.09 (0.25; 0.09)** |
Full model results (direct effects, all background variables) | BIC = 3927.32 CAIC = 3933.32 | BIC = 3906.11 CAIC = 3912.11 | BIC = 4674.49 CAIC = 4680.49 | F(4, 751) = 10.54, p < .001, adj. R2 = 0.05 |
 | Exp(B), (95% CI) | β (B; SE) | ||
Age | 1.07 (1.01; 1.15)* | 1.05 (0.99; 1.12)° | 1.04 (0.99; 1.10) | 0.00 (0.00; 0.02) |
Gender (ref. girls) | 0.63 (0.51; 0.78) *** | 0.65 (0.53; 0.79) *** | 0.69 (0.57; 0.82)*** | 0.21 (0.46; 0.08)*** |
Family affluence (ref. low/medium) | 0.90 (0.67; 1.19) | 0.91 (0.70; 1.19) | 0.93 (0.73; 1.18) | 0.09 (0.26; 0.10)** |
BMI | 1.01 (0.98; 1.05) | 1.01 (0.98; 1.04) | 1.02 (0.99; 1.05) | −0.04 (−0.01; 0.01) |
Full model results (direct effects) | BIC = 3766.55 CAIC = 3775.55 | BIC = 3718.42 CAIC = 3727.42 | BIC = 4466.80 CAIC = 4475.80 | F(7, 716) = 7.84; p < .001, adj. R2 = 0.06 |
 | Exp(B), (95% CI) | β (B; SE) | ||
Age | 0.99 (0.92; 1.07) | 0.98 (0.91; 1.04) | 0.98 (0.92; 1.04) | 0.05 (0.03; 0.03) |
Gender | 0.63 (0.51; 0.79) *** | 0.63 (0.52; 0.77) *** | 0.66 (0.55; 0.79)*** | 0.22 (0.48; 0.08)*** |
Family Affluence | 0.92 (0.68; 1.22) | 0.93 (0.71; 1.23) | 0.94 (0.74; 1.20) | 0.10 (0.28; 0.09)** |
BMI | 1.00 (0.97; 1.04) | 1.01 (0.98; 1.04) | 1.01 (0.98; 1.04) | −0.03 (−0.01; 0.01) |
Alcohol consumption | 1.02 (0.98; 1.06) | 1.02 (0.99; 1.06) | 1.03 (1.00; 1.06) | −0.05 (− 0.01; 0.01) |
Smoking | 1.11 (0.98; 1.25)° | 1.16 (1.03; 1.30)* | 1.12 (1.01; 1.25)* | −0.02 (− 0.02; 0.04) |
Perceived sleep duration | 0.87 (0.80; 0.94) *** | 0.87 (0.81; 0.94) *** | 0.91 (0.85; 0.98)** | 0.12 (0.01; 0.03)** |
Full model results (Interaction effects) | BIC = 3783.63 CAIC = 3795.63 | BIC = 3735.21 CAIC = 3747.21 | BIC = 4484.57 CAIC = 4496.57 | F(10, 713) = 5.83, p < .001, adj. R2 = 0.06 |
 | Exp(B), (95% CI) | β (B; SE) | ||
Age | 0.99 (0.92; 1.06) | 0.98 (0.91;1.04) | 0.98 (0.92; 1.04) | 0.05 (0.03; 0.03) |
Gender (ref. girls) | 0.63 (0.51; 0.79) *** | 0.63 (0.52; 0.78) *** | 0.67 (0.56; 0.80)*** | 0.22 (0.47; 0.08)*** |
Family Affluence (ref. low/medium) | 0.89 (0.65; 1.20) | 0.90 (0.68; 1.20) | 0.93 (0.73; 1.20) | 0.09 (0.26; 0.11)* |
BMI | 1.00 (0.97; 1.04) | 1.01 (0.98; 1.04) | 1.01 (0.98; 1.04) | −0.03 (−0.01; 0.01) |
Alcohol consumption | 1.12 (0.98; 1.25)° | 1.09 (0.99; 1.21)° | 1.07 (0.98; 1.16) | −0.13 (− 0.01; 0.04) |
Smoking | 1.02 (0.77; 1.37) | 1.09 (0.82; 1.44) | 1.15 (0.90; 1.45) | −0.11 (− 0.12; 0.10) |
Perceived sleep duration | 0.80 (0.64; 0.99)* | 0.82 (0.70; 0.98)* | 0.90 (0.77; 1.05) | −0.00 (− 0.00; 0.06) |
Alcohol * FAS | 0.92 (0.81; 1.04) | 0.92 (0.83; 1.03) | 0.96 (0.87; 1.05) | −0.02 (− 0.01; 0.04) |
Smoking * FAS | 1.08 (0.79; 1.48) | 1.06 (0.78; 1.44) | 0.96 (0.74; 1.25) | 0.10 (0.12; 0.11) |
Sleep * FAS | 1.09 (0.87; 1.38) | 1.06 (0.87; 1.29) | 1.01 (0.85; 1.20) | 0.14 (0.12; 0.07) |
Parsimonious model results (direct effects) | BIC = 4753.20 CAIC = 4758.20 | BIC = 4721.28 CAIC = 4726.28 | BIC = 5694.01 CAIC = 5699.01 | F(3, 938) = 21.26, p < .001, adj. R2 = 0.06 |
 | Exp(B), (95% CI) | β (B; SE) | ||
Gender (ref. girls) | 0.68 (0.56; 0.82) *** | 0.66 (0.55; 0.79) *** | 0.72 (0.61; 0.84)*** | 0.19 (0.41; 0.07)*** |
Family Affluence | Not included | Not included | Not included | 0.10 (0.29; 0.09)*** |
Smoking | 1.15 (1.05; 1.27)** | 1.17 (1.07; 1.28) *** | 1.16 (1.07; 1.26)*** | Not included |
Sleep | 0.86 (0.80; 0.92) *** | 0.87 (0.82; 0.93) *** | 0.91 (0.86; 0.97)** | 0.15 (0.12; 0.02)*** |