What do we know about physical activity interventions in vocational education and training? A systematic review

BMC Public Health

Table 3 Study characteristics

Author, year	Country	Study design	Target group^a; setting	Sample size (n)	Sex	Mean age
Angerer et al., 2015 [36]	Germany	controlled study	overweight apprentices; automobile factory	IG: 60 CG: 32	no data	15–19 (range)
Braun et al., 2014 [37]	Germany	controlled study	young adults with learning impairments; rehabilitation-institution for vocational training	IG: 27 CG: 25	46.2% female	18.9
Chen et al., 2001 [38]	Taiwan	pre-post design	overweight adolescent nursing students; junior college	IG: 55	only female	15.5
Hankonen et al., 2017 [39]	Finland	CRT^b	vocational students; vocational school unit	IG: 26 CG: 17	85% female	18.9
Lee et al., 2011 [40]	Taiwan	CRT^b	nursing students; junior college of nursing	IG: 46 CG: 48	only female	16.2
Sickinger et al., 2018 [41]	Germany	pre-post design	trainees in the metal industry; major company in the metal industry	IG: 51^d	only male	17.0
Spook et al.,2016 [42]	The Netherlands	CRT^c	secondary vocational education students; vocational education schools	IG: 105 CG: 126	62.8% female	17.2
Verloigne et al.,2017 [43]	Belgium	controlled study	lower-educated girls; vocational and technical schools	IG: 91^e CG: 105^e	only female	16.0
Walter et al.,2013 [44]	Germany	RCT	apprentices; Institute of Technology	IG: 12 CG: 11	52% female	19.4

CG control group, CRT cluster randomized controlled trial, IG intervention group, RCT randomized controlled trial
^aThe target group is defined as young adults attending VET. The use of different terminology for VET students (e.g., apprentices or trainees) depends on the respective study. ^bFour classes of one school/college were randomized. ^cFour schools were randomized. ^dN = 74 in total, but only men were included in the analysis. ^eAllocated to three control and intervention schools each

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