| Level of economic development (measured by regional GDP per capita) | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Male | Female | |||||
Low | Medium | High | Low | Medium | High | |
Demographic characteristics | ||||||
 Mean age, year | ||||||
   < 55 | 22.60 (21.96, 23.24) | 20.18 (19.42, 20.95) | 32.17 (31.30, 33.04) | 19.85 (19.43, 20.28) | 10.74 (10.15, 11.33) | 24.69 (23.68, 25.69) |
   ≥ 55 | 45.01 (44.35, 45.68) | 38.56 (37.6, 39.53) | 49.96 (49.12, 50.79) | 48.88 (48.16, 49.60) | 36.26 (35.45, 37.08) | 50.78 (50.04, 51.52) |
Socioeconomic characteristics | ||||||
 Highest education | ||||||
  Uneducated and primary school | 35.63 (35.14, 36.11) | 31.36 (30.05, 32.67) | 44.54 (43.72, 45.37) | 37.17 (36.71, 37.62) | 24.67 (23.92, 25.41) | 42.67 (41.82, 43.53) |
  Middle and high school | 29.14 (28.44, 29.85) | 26.46 (26.00, 26.91) | 36.10 (35.31, 36.89) | 23.18 (22.47, 23.88) | 15.16 (14.76, 15.56) | 22.82 (21.84, 23.79) |
  College and university | 28.91 (26.75, 31.06) | 28.39 (27.67, 29.12) | 32.26 (30.65, 33.88) | 14.09 (12.11, 16.08) | 12.83 (12.28, 13.39) | 14.74 (13.10, 16.37) |
 Occupation | ||||||
  Agriculture and related | 29.53 (29.20, 29.86) | 20.51 (19.10, 21.91) | 43.22 (42.04, 44.40) | 27.43 (27.07, 27.78) | 11.25 (10.19, 12.32) | 38.50 (36.92, 40.09) |
  Factory workers | 23.76 (21.97, 25.54) | 24.68 (23.74, 25.62) | 32.53 (31.97, 33.09) | 17.59 (15.84, 19.33) | 10.65 (9.53, 11.77) | 20.01 (19.49, 20.54) |
  Clerk | 26.99 (26.06, 27.92) | 25.08 (24.35, 25.81) | 32.13 (31.36, 32.89) | 18.53 (17.37, 19.68) | 12.02 (11.13, 12.90) | 18.80 (18.08, 19.51) |
  Unemployed | 48.10 (46.88, 49.32) | 40.99 (40.35, 41.64) | 46.29 (45.26, 47.32) | 43.19 (42.41, 43.96) | 31.94 (31.48, 32.41) | 39.57 (38.96, 40.19) |
Lifestyle factors | ||||||
 Physical activity (MET, h/d),% | ||||||
   < 11.0 | 42.74 (41.91, 43.57) | 37.54 (36.78, 38.30) | 47.12 (45.97, 48.27) | 42.51 (41.77, 43.26) | 30.61 (29.98, 31.23) | 42.76 (41.91, 43.62) |
  11.0- | 31.60 (30.78, 32.42) | 27.87 (26.65, 29.10) | 37.16 (36.19, 38.14) | 33.74 (32.99, 34.49) | 23.14 (22.37, 23.91) | 35.64 (34.58, 36.70) |
  Men 19.0-,Women 17.0 | 26.92 (25.96, 27.87) | 21.32 (20.65, 21.99) | 37.23 (36.16, 38.30) | 23.25 (22.61, 23.90) | 13.87 (12.89, 14.86) | 29.58 (27.95, 31.21) |
  Men 32.5-,Women 28.5- | 23.55 (22.69, 24.41) | 20.46 (19.18, 21.73) | 35.87 (34.76, 36.97) | 22.41 (21.49, 23.34) | 9.19 (8.07, 10.31) | 27.5 (26.12, 28.89) |
 BMI (kg/m2), % | ||||||
   < 18.5 | 22.50 (21.47, 23.54) | 17.93 (16.31, 19.55) | 33.32 (31.14, 35.51) | 21.56 (20.50, 22.63) | 13.40 (12.08, 14.72) | 27.64 (25.86, 29.41) |
  18.5- | 26.45 (25.95, 26.95) | 20.91 (20.12, 21.70) | 34.09 (33.25, 34.93) | 23.52 (23.07, 23.98) | 13.96 (13.34, 14.58) | 27.60 (26.61, 28.60) |
  24.0- | 38.49 (37.54, 39.44) | 35.68 (35.00, 36.35) | 45.74 (44.99, 46.50) | 37.24 (36.46, 38.03) | 24.51 (23.75, 25.27) | 38.93 (38.00, 39.86) |
   > 28.0 | 50.73 (49.17, 52.28) | 52.28 (49.84, 49.84) | 55.01 (55.01, 55.01) | 50.05 (48.71, 51.40) | 39.89 (38.79, 41.00) | 52.70 (51.53, 53.86) |
 Smoking | ||||||
  Never | 34.8 (33.67, 35.93) | 30.98 (30.98, 31.73) | 42.41 (41.25, 43.57) | 30.94 (30.54, 31.34) | 19.88 (19.44, 20.32) | 33.89 (33.26, 34.53) |
  Occasional | 36.89 (36.05, 37.74) | 33.02 (32.30, 33.75) | 44.35 (43.39, 45.31) | 32.56 (31.17, 31.17) | 27.34 (25.94, 28.73) | 40.13 (37.73, 42.54) |
  Regular | 29.46 (28.90, 30.02) | 25.73 (24.98, 26.48) | 37.27 (36.54, 38.01) | 32.94 (31.36, 34.51) | 27.69 (26.08, 29.30) | 45.21 (42.14, 48.28) |
 Alcohol | ||||||
  Never | 34.05 (32.68, 35.42) | 30.42 (29.49, 31.35) | 42.72 (41.41, 44.03) | 30.76 (30.35, 31.18) | 19.33 (18.79, 19.87) | 34.19 (33.43, 34.94) |
  Occasional | 36.73 (35.75, 35.75) | 31.54 (30.15, 32.92) | 43.57 (42.51, 44.64) | 30.90 (29.46, 32.34) | 26.39 (24.96, 27.83) | 39.34 (34.95, 43.74) |
  Regular | 29.39 (28.74, 30.03) | 25.20 (24.02, 26.38) | 37.49 (36.65, 38.32) | 31.60 (29.87, 33.34) | 27.54 (25.89, 29.19) | 42.84 (38.00, 47.68) |
Sleep duration/day,% | ||||||
   ≤ 6 h | 32.32 (31.62, 33.03) | 32.89 (32.20, 33.59) | 41.42 (40.44, 42.40) | 35.10 (34.36, 35.84) | 25.61 (24.95, 26.28) | 38.98 (38.14, 39.82) |
   > 6 h, ≤9 h | 31.27 (30.77, 31.76) | 27.60 (27.06, 28.13) | 38.53 (37.96, 39.11) | 29.77 (29.32, 30.21) | 18.70 (18.18, 19.21) | 32.53 (31.84, 33.22) |
   > 9 h | 35.10 (34.26, 35.94) | 35.38 (33.78, 36.98) | 44.49 (43.20, 45.78) | 30.17 (29.31, 31.04) | 23.93 (22.00, 25.86) | 39.75 (38.35, 41.15) |
Depression | 31.76 (30.29, 33.22) | 30.77 (29.25, 32.29) | 35.66 (34.31, 37.01) | 30.98 (29.14, 32.83) | 18.08 (15.74, 20.43) | 30.76 (28.13, 33.39) |
Anxiety | 25.79 (24.05, 27.53) | 17.65 (17.65, 17.65) | 29.41 (29.41, 29.41) | 25.50 (23.32, 27.67) | 20.91 (17.70, 24.12) | 24.34 (21.78, 26.91) |