Tracking socio-economic inequalities in healthcare utilization in Iran: a repeated cross-sectional analysis

Vahedi, Sajad; Yazdi-Feyzabadi, Vahid; Amini-Rarani, Mostafa; Mohammadbeigi, Abolfazl; Khosravi, Ardeshir; Rezapour, Aziz

doi:10.1186/s12889-020-09001-z

BMC Public Health

Table 4 Decomposition of Erreygers Concentration Index (EI) of inpatient healthcare utilization before and after health transformation plan, and of its change, Iran

From: Tracking socio-economic inequalities in healthcare utilization in Iran: a repeated cross-sectional analysis

	2008				2016				Change
	β	EI	Absolute Contr.	% Contr.	β	EI	Absolute Contr.	% Contr.	∆EI. β₂₀₀₈	∆β. EI₂₀₁₆	Absolute Contr.	% Contr.
Need factors
Sex-age groups
Male 30–44	− 0.116^*	− 0.003	0.000	0.54	− 0.070*	0.012	− 0.001	12.00	−0.002	0.001	−0.001	1.80
Male 45–59	−0.062^**	0.036	−0.002	−4.05	− 0.041	0.075	−0.003	44.76	−0.002	0.002	−0.001	1.30
Male 60–74	0.006	−0.014	0.000	−0.14	− 0.010	0.009	0.000	1.34	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.03
Male 75≤	0.027	−0.046	−0.001	−2.25	0.004	−0.041	0.000	2.09	0.000	0.001	0.001	−1.78
Female 15–29	0.019	0.017	0.000	0.59	0.020	−0.055	−0.001	15.88	−0.001	0.000	−0.001	2.26
Female 30–44	−0.013	0.035	0.000	−0.83	0.009	0.045	0.000	−5.64	0.000	0.001	0.001	−1.36
Female 45–59	−0.051	0.040	−0.002	−3.61	− 0.032	0.052	− 0.002	24.10	− 0.001	0.001	0.000	−0.58
Female 60–74	0.024	−0.035	−0.001	−1.51	0.002	−0.064	0.000	1.78	−0.001	0.001	0.001	−1.15
Female 75≤	0.105^*	−0.023	−0.002	−4.39	0.030	−0.040	− 0.001	17.56	− 0.002	0.003	0.001	−1.99
Healthcare needs
Need2	−0.086^*	−0.054	0.005	8.25	0.006	−0.016	0.000	1.38	−0.003	−0.001	− 0.005	7.50
Non-need factors
Residence
Rural	−0.004	−0.005	0.002	3.57	0.018	−0.016	−0.006	93.50	−0.001	− 0.008	−0.008	13.43
Marital status
Married	0.044^*	0.001	0.001	2.65	0.029	0.054	0.002	−22.81	0.001	−0.001	0.000	−0.14
Employment status
Employed	0.015	0.042	0.001	1.11	0.005	0.089	0.000	−6.69	0.001	−0.001	0.000	0.25
Education
Illiterate	−0.083^*	−0.341	− 0.022	50.43	− 0.030	−0.286	0.006	−92.22	−0.005	− 0.017	−0.022	34.79
Primary	−0.075^*	−0.074	− 0.012	9.99	− 0.016	−0.140	0.002	−24.33	0.005	−0.009	−0.004	6.23
Secondary	−0.070^*	0.044	0.006	−5.48	0.001	−0.034	−0.000	2.83	0.005	−0.003	0.003	−4.57
Diploma	−0.037	0.216	0.007	−14.33	0.017	0.169	0.001	−18.34	0.002	0.008	0.009	−14.77
Basic insurance
Iranian	0.101	−0.352	−0.035	−63.37	−0.029	− 0.266	0.008	− 113.67	0.009	0.035	0.043	−68.89
Social	0.101^*	0.240	0.024	43.38	−0.015	0.265	−0.004	57.38	0.003	−0.031	−0.028	44.92
Other	0.097	0.07^*9	0.008	13.69	−0.030	0.023	−0.001	10.05	−0.005	−0.003	− 0.008	13.29
Supplementary insurance
Yes	−0.024	0.161	−0.004	−6.98	0.025*	0.283	0.007	−105.78	−0.003	0.014	0.011	−17.81
Economic status
Wealth quintiles
Q2	0.041^**	−0.333	−0.014	−24.26	0.009	−0.355	−0.003	44.63	−0.001	0.011	0.010	−16.70
Q3	0.018	−0.072	−0.001	−2.29	− 0.001	−0.048	0.000	−0.78	0.000	0.001	0.001	−2.13
Q4	0.056^*	0.274	0.015	27.48	−0.031*	0.271	−0.008	121.45	0.000	−0.024	−0.024	37.78
Q5	0.049^*	0.716	0.035	62.40	−0.005	0.714	−0.004	53.14	0.000	−0.038	−0.039	61.39
Total observed			0.067	90.59			−0.007	113.59			−0.058	93.11
Residual			−0.011	9.41			0.000	−13.59			−0.004	6.89
Contribution of Need factors			−0.004				−0.008
Horizontal inequity			0.060				0.001

*: p < 0.01, **: p < 0.05

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