Variables | Model I |
Model II AOR (95%CI) |
Model III AOR (95%CI) |
Model IV AOR (95%CI) |
---|---|---|---|---|
Maternal education | ||||
No formal education | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||
Primary education | 0.96(0.79–1.17) | 1.00(0.82–1.22) | ||
Secondary education | 1.07(0.76–1.52) | 1.14(0.80–1.63) | ||
Higher education | 1.41(0.85–2.35) | 1.51(0.90–2.52) | ||
Maternal occupation | ||||
Working | 0.76(0.63–0.91) | 0.77(0.64–0.92) ** | ||
Not working | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||
Wealth status | ||||
Poorest | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||
Poorer | 0.71(0.57–0.89) | 0.77(0.61–0.98) * | ||
Middle | 0.64(0.50–0.83) | 0.74(0.56–0.97) * | ||
Rich | 0.53(0.40–0.70) | 0.64(0.46–0.85) * | ||
Richest | 0.52(0.37–0.74) | 0.66(0.43–0.98) * | ||
Sex of household head | ||||
Female | 1.23(1.02–1.50) | 1.22(1.01–1.49) * | ||
Male | 1.00 | |||
Maternal BMI | ||||
18.5–24.99 | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||
< 18.5 | 1.2(1.00–1.43) | 1.78(0.99–1.41) | ||
≥ 25 | 0.84(0.61–1.15) | 0.82(0.60–1.13) | ||
Perception of distance from the health facility | ||||
Big problem | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||
Not big problem | 0.97(0.82–1.15) | 1.00(0.84–1.18) | ||
Media exposure | ||||
Yes | 0.91(0.75–1.11) | 0.92(0.75–1.14) | ||
No | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||
Source of drinking water | ||||
Pipe | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||
Other improved | 1.18(0.93–1.50) | 1.18(.93–1.51) | ||
Not improved | 1.14(0.90–1.45) | 1.13(0.89–1.45) | ||
Type of toilet facility | ||||
Improved | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||
Not improved | 0.80(0.61–1.04) | 0.82(0.62–1.07) | ||
Place of delivery | ||||
Home | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||
Health facility | 0.93(0.76–1.14) | 0.96(0.78–1.18) | ||
Delivery by CS | ||||
Yes | 0.81(0.49–1.34) | 0.81(0.49–1.34) | ||
No | 1.00 | |||
History of a terminated pregnancy | ||||
Yes | 0.76(0.57–1.02) | 0.76(0.57–1.02) | ||
No | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||
ANC visit | ||||
No visit | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||
one-three | 1.05(0.85–1.30) | 1.06(0.86–1.32) | ||
four and above | 0.97(0.77–1.23) | 0.99(0.78–1.25) | ||
Iron supplementation during pregnancy | ||||
Yes | 0.81(0.68–0.97) | 0.82(0.68–0.98) * | ||
No | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||
Current modern contraceptive use | ||||
Yes | 0.69(0.56–0.84) | 0.71(0.58–0 .87) *** | ||
No | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||
Duration of breastfeeding | ||||
≤ 12 months | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||
13 to 36 | 0.88(0.74–1.05) | 0.89(0.74–1.06) | ||
37 and above | 0.89(0.70–1.12) | 0.90(0.71–1.14) | ||
Births in the five years | ||||
One | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||
Two | 1.29(1.06–1.57) | 1.27(1.04–1.55) * | ||
Three to four | 1.59(1.19–2.14) | 1.53(1.14–2.06) ** | ||
Parity | ||||
Primiparous | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||
Multiparous | 1.07(0.83–1.37) | 1.08(0.84–1.39) | ||
Grand multiparous | 1.21(0.92–1.60) | 1.23(0.94–1.62) | ||
Residence | ||||
Urban | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||
Rural | 1.38(0.99–1.91) | 1.13(0.75–1.72) | ||
Community media exposure | ||||
Low | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||
High | 0.91(0.73–1.13) | 0.96(0.77–1.20) | ||
Community illiteracy level | ||||
Low | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||
High | 1.60(1.26–2.04) | 1.34(1.06–1.70) * | ||
Community poverty level | ||||
Low | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||
High | 1.65(1.28–2.12) | 1.15(0.88–1.51) |