Table 1 Sociodemographic characteristics of lactating mothers in Ethiopia, 2016
Variables | Frequency | Percentage |
|---|---|---|
Maternal age | ||
15–19 | 249 | 5.32 |
20–29 | 2306 | 49.52 |
30–39 | 1733 | 37.20 |
40–49 | 370 | 7.90 |
Maternal education | ||
No formal education | 2916 | 62.61 |
Primary education | 1395 | 29.95 |
Secondary education | 247 | 5.30 |
Higher education | 100 | 2.14 |
Religion | ||
Orthodox | 1824 | 39.17 |
Protestant | 1017 | 21.82 |
Muslim | 1673 | 35.91 |
Other* | 144 | 3.10 |
Current marital status | ||
Married | 4383 | 94.11 |
Unmarried | 275 | 5.89 |
Maternal occupation | ||
Working | 1196 | 25.67 |
Not working | 3462 | 74.33 |
Wealth status | ||
Poorest | 1055 | 22.64 |
Poorer | 1054 | 22.63 |
Middle | 1017 | 21.85 |
Rich | 868 | 18.63 |
Richest | 664 | 14.25 |
Sex of household head | ||
Female | 606 | 13.00 |
Male | 4052 | 87.00 |
Maternal BMI | ||
< 18.5 | 943 | 20.25 |
18.5–24.99 | 3479 | 74.70 |
≥ 25 | 263 | 5.05 |
Smoking | ||
Yes | 32 | 0.68 |
No | 4626 | 99.32 |
Health insurance coverage | ||
Yes | 224 | 479 |
No | 4434 | 95.21 |
Perception of distance from the health facility | ||
Big problem | 2762 | 59.29 |
Not big problem | 1896 | 40.71 |
Media exposure | ||
Yes | 1291 | 27.71 |
No | 3367 | 72.29 |
Source of drinking water | ||
Pipe | 1242 | 26.66 |
Other improved | 1415 | 30.37 |
Not improved | 2001 | 42.97 |
Type of toilet facility | ||
Improved | 405 | 8.69 |
Not improved | 4253 | 91.31 |
Place of delivery | ||
Home | 3104 | 66.65 |
Health facility | 1554 | 33.35 |
Delivery by CS | ||
Yes | 115 | 2.46 |
No | 4543 | 97.54 |
History of a terminated pregnancy | ||
Yes | 382 | 8.19 |
No | 4276 | 91.81 |
ANC visit | ||
No visit | 1592 | 34.18 |
one-three | 1513 | 32.48 |
four and above | 1553 | 33.34 |
Iron supplementation during pregnancy | ||
No | 2482 | 53.28 |
Yes | 2176 | 46.72 |
Current modern contraceptive use | ||
Yes | 1615 | 65.34 |
No | 3043 | 34.66 |
Duration of breastfeeding | ||
≤ 12 months | 2242 | 48.13 |
13 to 36 | 1483 | 31.84 |
37 and above | 933 | 20.03 |
Births in the five years | ||
One | 2461 | 52.84 |
Two | 1854 | 39.80 |
Three to four | 343 | 7.37 |
Parity | ||
Primiparous | 919 | 19.71 |
Multiparous | 1935 | 41.53 |
Grand multiparous | 1804 | 38.75 |
Birth interval | ||
< 24 month | 579 | 15.47 |
≥ 24 month | 3159 | 84.53 |
Residence | ||
Urban | 501 | 10.74 |
Rural | 4157 | 89.26 |
Community media exposure | ||
Low | 2130 | 45.72 |
High | 2528 | 54.28 |
Community illiteracy level | ||
Low | 2444 | 52.48 |
High | 2214 | 47.52 |
Community poverty level | ||
Low | 2818 | 60.49 |
High | 1839 | 39.51 |