From: Decreasing trend in preterm birth and perinatal mortality, do disparities also decline?
Risk factors | Perinatal mortality per 1000 births | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
N | Per 1000 | Crude Odds | Adjusted odds *1 | Adjusted odds *2 | ||||
Total | 4947 | 5.0 | (95% CI) | (95% CI) | (95% CI) | |||
Year | 0.96 | (0.94–0.97) | 0.96 | (0.94–0.97) | 0.96 | (0.95–0.98) | ||
Parity | ||||||||
P0 | 45.5% | 5.5 | 1.44 | (1.35–1.54) | 1.45 | (1.36–1.55) | 1.09 | (1.01–1.17) |
P1 | 35.7% | 3.8 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | |||
P2+ | 18.8% | 5.9 | 1.56 | (1.44–1.69) | 1.38 | (1.28–1.50) | 1.35 | (1.24–1.47) |
Maternal age (years) | ||||||||
< 20 | 1.2% | 6.5 | 1.43 | (1.14–1.79) | 1.11 | (0.88–1.39) | 1.04 | (0.82–1.31) |
20–24 | 10.0% | 5.8 | 1.27 | (1.16–1.39) | 1.11 | (1.01–1.21) | 1.07 | (0.97–1.17) |
25–34 | 68.1% | 4.5 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | |||
35–39 | 17.4% | 5.3 | 1.16 | (1.08–1.25) | 1.18 | (1.10–1.28) | 1.07 | (0.99–1.16) |
> =40 | 3.3% | 9.0 | 2.00 | (1.77–2.25) | 1.92 | (1.70–2.17) | 1.38 | (1.21–1.57) |
Ethnicity | ||||||||
Dutch | 75.6% | 4.4 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | |||
Other European | 4.8% | 4.9 | 1.12 | (0.98–1.28) | 1.09 | (0.95–1.24) | 1.10 | (0.96–1.26) |
Mediterranean | 7.0% | 6.7 | 1.52 | (1.38–1.68) | 1.42 | (1.29–1.57) | 1.39 | (1.25–1.55) |
African | 2.6% | 10.1 | 2.30 | (2.03–2.61) | 2.12 | (1.87–2.42) | 1.50 | (1.31–1.72) |
South Asian | 1.2% | 6.0 | 1.37 | (1.08–1.72) | 1.34 | (1.06–1.69) | 0.76 | (0.60–0.97) |
Asian | 2.6% | 5.3 | 1.19 | (1.01–1.42) | 1.17 | (0.99–1.39) | 1.08 | (0.90–1.29) |
other non-Western | 6.0% | 7.4 | 1.69 | (1.53–1.87) | 1.63 | (1.47–1.80) | 1.47 | (1.32–1.63) |
Social-Economic status | ||||||||
Low | 24.7% | 5.9 | 1.21 | (1.13–1.29) | 1.06 | (0.99–1.14) | 1.00 | (0.93–1.08) |
Mid | 50.5% | 4.9 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | |||
High | 24.8% | 4.2 | 0.86 | (0.80–0.93) | 0.86 | (0.80–0.92) | 0.92 | (0.86–0.997) |
Intermediate risk factors | ||||||||
Preterm birth < 37 weeks | 6.1% | 95.3 | 53.3 | (50.3–56.5) | 25.8 | (24.3–27.4) | ||
Congenital anomalies | 3.1% | 83.4 | 17.2 | (16.3–18.1) | 5.2 | (4.8–5.6) | ||
Small gestational age (SGA) P10 | 8.8% | 38.8 | 8.68 | (8.26–9.12) | 3.9 | (3.7–4.2) |