Table 3 Summary of published studies that fulfilled the inclusion criteria for the effect on workers with post-traumatic stress disorder
From: Occupational post-traumatic stress disorder: an updated systematic review
First author. | Year | Country | Study design | Trauma | Participants | Effect | Results |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Giosan, C | 2015 | USA | Cross-sectional | Working after the 9/11 attack | 2453 utility workers | CAPS | PTSD severity was significantly associated with sleep disturbance (β = 0.52, p-value < 0.01). |
Mindlis, I | 2017 | USA | Longitudinal | Working after 911 | 181 rescue and recovery workers with asthma | Asthma morbidity | PTSD patients showed - Worse asthma control (mean difference = 0.57, 95% CI: 0.12–1.02) - Poorer asthma quality of life (mean difference = − 0.83, 95% CI: −1.32–0.34) - Higher rates of inpatient healthcare utilization due to asthma (adjusted OR = 11.9, 95% CI: 3.5–40.1). |
Hunnicutt-Ferguson, K | 2018 | USA | Longitudinal | Working after the 9/11 attack | Clean-up and restore workers who met the criteria for PTSD or subthreshold PTSD at baseline (N = 514), 1-year (N = 289), and 2-year follow-up (N = 179) | Functional impairment and subjective distress | PTSD severity was positively associated with - Subjective distress, - Social impairment - Occupational impairment |
Yu, S | 2016 | USA | Longitudinal | Working after the 9/11 attack | 7662 rescue and recovery workers | Early retirement and job loss | (Adjusted OR, 95% CI) Chronic conditions and PTSD comorbidity increased OR for 1) Early retirement - Three chronic conditionswithout PTSD (1.3, 0.6–2.7) - Three chronic conditions with PTSD (2.1, 1.2–3.9) 2) Job loss - Three chronic conditionswithout PTSD (3.2, 1.6–6.5) - Three chronic conditions with PTSD (10.7, 6.7–17.2) |
de la Hoz, RE | 2016 | USA | Longitudinal | Working after the 9/11 attack | 11,481 workers and volunteers who performed rescue, recovery, and service restoration duties | BDR, incident asthma | (Adjusted OR, 95% CI) Mean f/u period 4.95 years. 1) PTSD - > BDR - At baseline, all participants (N = 11,481): (1.4, 1.2–1.7) 2) PTSD - > incident asthma - F/u visits, never smokers without asthma at baseline (N = 3757): (2.4, 1.9–3.1). |
Luft, BJ | 2012 | USA | Longitudinal | Working after 911 | 8508 police and 12,333 non-traditional responders | Respiratory symptoms, and pulmonary function test | 1) Correlation: Lower respiratory symptoms - Police (r = 0.28) - Non-traditional responders (r = 0.27)2) No correlation: lung function - Police (r = 0.03) - Non-traditional responders (r = 0.03) |
Kerai, S | 2017 | Pakistan | Cross-sectional | Working related factors | 507 emergency medical service personnel (doctors 37, nurses 202, drivers 211, paramedics 57) | Work performance: number of late arrivals to work, number of days absent, number of days sick, adherence to protocol, and patient satisfaction over a period of 3 months | No statistically significant association was found between PTSD and work performance in multiple logistic regression. |
Kotov, R | 2015 | USA | Longitudinal | Working after 911 | 18,896 responders (8466 police and 10,430 non-traditional) | Respiratory symptoms | Lower respiratory symptoms was positively correlated with - Worked in dust cloud, - Long hours on site |