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Table 1 Evolution (1992, 2005 and 2015) of the prevalence (%) and prevalence ratio (PR) for stunting and overweight by age group. Children under five years old in the state of Alagoas, Northeastern Brazil

From: Stunting and overweight among children in Northeast Brazil: prevalence, trends (1992-2005-2015) and associated risk factors from repeated cross-sectional surveys

Age (Months)

Sample

Stunting PR (95% CI)

Δ (%)

Overweight PR (95% CI)

Δ (%)

1992 (a)

2005 (b)

2015 (c)

1992

2005

2015

1992

2005

2015

0.0 –| 24.0

511

683

434

14.6

11.3

4.6

− 68.5

8.1

8.4

17.1

111.1

Ref.

0.78 (0.57–1.05)

0.32 (0,20-0,51)*

 

Ref.

1.04 (0.70–1.54)

2.10 (1.46–3.30)*

 

haz z score (mean ± sd)

 

whz z score (mean ± sd)

 
    

−0.33 ± 1.82

−0.37 ± 1.35

0.16 ± 1.49

 

0.34 ± 1.24

0.58 ± 1.12

0.79 ± 1.35

 

24 –| 60.0

720

698

554

28.3

11.1

2.2

−92.2

6.1

6.5

13.2

116.4

Ref.

0,39 (0,30-0,50)*

0,08 (0,04-0,14)*

 

Ref.

1.07 (0.71–1.60)

2.17(1.51–3.11)*

 

haz z score (mean ± sd)

 

whz z score (mean ± sd)

 
    

−1.38 ± 1.29

−0.56 ± 1.24

−0.09 ± 1.08

 

0.54 ± 0.93

0.44 ± 1.09

0.53 ± 1.36

 

TOTAL

1.231

1.381

988

22.6

11.2

3.2

−85.8

6.9

7.5

14.9

115.9

Ref.

0,49 (0,41–0.60)*

0,14 (0,10–0.20)*

 

Ref.

1.08 (0.81–1.43

2.15 (1.67–2.78)*

 

haz z score (mean ± sd)

 

whz z score (mean ± sd)

 
    

−0.94 ± 1.61

−0.46 ± 1.30

0.02 ± 1.28

 

0.45 ± 1.07

0.51 ± 1.11

0.64 ± 1.36

 
  1. Stunting: height-for-age (haz) < −2 standard deviations (sd);
  2. Overweight: weight-for-height (whz) > 2 sd
  3. Δ (%) = [(c-a)/a] × 100
  4. * Statistically significant difference, according to the 95% confidence interval (95% CI)
  5. Statistically significant difference, according to one-way ANOVA with Bonferroni post-hoc test