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Table 4 Hazard ratios (95% confidence intervals) from Cox regression models of death by care status, ONS Longitudinal Study

From: Association of childhood out-of-home care status with all-cause mortality up to 42-years later: Office of National Statistics Longitudinal Study

 

Model 1:

Care status

Model 2:

+ Controls

Model 3:

+ Gender interaction

Model 4:

+ Age interaction

Model 5:

+ Baseline census interaction

Main effects

 In care

1.70 (1.49, 1.93)

1.63 (1.43, 1.86)

1.69 (1.43, 1.99)

2.01 (1.53, 2.65)

1.44 (1.23, 1.69)

 Baseline age

 

0.97 (0.95, 0.99)

0.97 (0.95, 0.99)

0.97 (0.95, 0.99)

0.97 (0.95, 0.99)

 Baseline age2

 

1.003 (1.002, 1.004)

1.003 (1.002, 1.004)

1.003 (1.002, 1.004)

1.003 (1.002, 1.004)

 Male

 

1.64 (1.57, 1.71)

1.64 (1.57, 1.71)

1.64 (1.57, 1.71)

1.64 (1.57, 1.71)

 Born outside UK

 

1.31 (1.17, 1.46)

1.31 (1.17, 1.47)

1.30 (1.16, 1.46)

1.31 (1.17, 1.47)

 Baseline census

  1971 (ref)

 

1.00

1.00

1.00

1.00

  1981

 

1.07 (1.00, 1.14)

1.07 (1.00, 1.14)

1.07 (1.00, 1.14)

1.06 (0.99, 1.13)

  1991

 

0.84 (0.77, 0.93)

0.84 (0.77, 0.93)

0.85 (0.77, 0.93)

0.84 (0.76, 0.93)

  2001

 

0.47 (0.40, 0.56)

0.47 (0.40, 0.56)

0.47 (0.40, 0.57)

0.45 (0.38, 0.54)

Number of observations

 One (ref)

 

1.00

1.00

1.00

1.00

 Two

 

0.67 (0.62, 0.72)

0.67 (0.62, 0.72)

0.67 (0.62, 0.72)

0.67 (0.62, 0.72)

Interaction terms

 Care by male gender

  

1.10 (0.84, 1.44)

  

 Care by age

   

0.98 (0.96, 1.00)

 

 Care by baseline census

     

  In care in 1971 (ref)

    

1.00

  In care in 1981

    

1.36 (0.99, 1.88)

  In care in 1991

    

1.34 (0.81, 2.23)

  In care in 2001

    

3.19 (1.74, 5.86)

  1. N = 353,601, observations = 491,539.