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Table 3 Decomposition of socioeconomic related inequality in maternal mortality ratio

From: Anatomy of provincial level inequality in maternal mortality in China during 2004–2016: a new decomposition analysis

 

Direct decomposition

WDW decomposition

\( \hat{\gamma} \)

Logworth

Contribution %

(1)

(2)

(3)

(4)

Socioeconomic condition

  

1.078

 

 Average annual household consumption

0.000*

1.233

 

5.072

(0.000)

  

(13.389)

 Proportion of illiteracy

−0.011*

1.103

 

13.587*

(0.006)

  

(4.578)

 Proportion of college educated

0.003

0.119

 

6.198

(0.009)

  

(5.750)

Health resource allocation

  

0.286

 

 Public budget in health sector per capita

−0.001

0.826

 

11.993

(0.001)

  

(22.169)

 Density of health providers

−0.205

0.764

 

5.447

(0.146)

  

(6.434)

 Density of maternal and child health hospitals

0.209

0.587

 

29.597

(0.181)

  

(26.293)

 Density of bedsize

−0.002

0.512

 

0.127

(0.002)

  

(2.468)

Access to health care

  

4.483

 

 Maternity health insurance coverage

0.001

0.095

 

−3.811

(0.003)

  

(3.515)

 Premarital check-up

−0.001

0.252

 

−3.337

(0.001)

  

(2.949)

 Maternal health profiles creation rate

0.014***

4.260

 

−14.317

(0.003)

  

(10.742)

 Coverage of maternal systematic management

0.002

0.137

 

−1.067

(0.005)

  

(4.631)

 Prenatal check-up

−0.017

0.926

 

6.253

(0.011)

  

(4.244)

 Postpartum visit rate

−0.010

0.632

 

7.300

(0.008)

  

(9.972)

 Hospital delivery rate

−0.006

0.334

 

29.217***

(0.008)

  

(11.455)

 Delivery attended by professionals rate

−0.008

0.151

 

15.152*

(0.021)

  

(7.661)

  1. Notes: Columns (1)–(3) presents results from the direct decomposition method. The outcome variable is the individual component of the inequality index. Coefficients and standard errors clustered at province level are reported in column (1). Column (2) displays logworth values for each explanatory, and column (3) reports the logworth values for each group of variables of a given dimension. Column (4) presents results from the WDW decomposition method. Contribution percentage and bootstrap standard errors are reported. ***significant at the 1% level; **significant at the 5% level; *significant at the 10% level