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Table 1 Weight status by socio-demographic, occupational and health-related characteristics, among men and women in a representative sample of 8000 Italian workers

From: Gender differences and occupational factors for the risk of obesity in the Italian working population

 

Males

Females

No.

Mean BMI (sd)

Overweight

Obese

No.

Mean BMI (sd)

Overweight

Obese

(%)

(%)

(%)

(%)

Age group

 16–24

243

25.4 (3.8) a

38.3

5.8

182

22.3 (3.4) a

18.1

1.6

 25–34

897

25.8 (2.9) ab

48.6

7.6

752

23.0 (3.9) b

20.9

3.9

 35–44

1328

26.3 (3.2) bc

51.2

10.0

1163

23.3 (3.8) bc

19.0

5.9

 45–54

1256

26.7 (3.3) c

52.5

12.7

1105

24.0 (4.0) cd

23.9

8.1

 55–64

581

27.2 (3.8) d

59.7

15.0

493

24.5 (3.7) d

31.0

6.9

Education

 Lower or middle school

1558

26.7 (3.3) c

55.1

12.5

904

24.4 (4.1) c

29.2

8.5

 High school

2039

26.3 (3.3) b

50.6

10.6

889

23.4 (3.8) b

19.7

3.5

 University graduate and post-graduate

648

25.8 (2.9) a

47.1

4.7

3647

22.9 (3.4) a

22.6

6.1

Occupational sector

 Agriculture, fishing, and hunting

131

26.5 (3.1) ab

52.7

12.2

55

25.0 (4.4) b

36.4

7.3

 Manufacturing/Primary industry/Mining/ Utilities

1356

26.4 (3.3) ab

50.7

11.2

500

23.3 (3.6) a

20.0

5.4

 Construction

409

26.3 (2.9) ab

54.1

9.0

35

23.1 (3.9) a

8.6

8.6

 Wholesale and retail trade/ Automotive and motorcycle repair/ Accommodation and food services

695

26.2 (3.3) a

49.2

9.4

719

23.5 (4.5) a

23.4

5.7

 Transportation and warehousing / Information and communication

477

26.3 (3.3) ab

51.4

10.5

157

23.7 (3.9) ab

21.7

7.0

 Professional, financial and business services

421

26.1 (3.1) a

50.8

9.0

516

23.2 (3.6) a

19.8

4.8

 Healthcare and social assistance

194

27.1 (4.7) b

56.2

16.0

505

23.8 (3.9) ab

21.8

8.5

 Education services/ Public administration, social security

463

26.6 (3.3) ab

52.3

12.1

731

23.6 (3.6) ab

22.3

5.6

 Other public and personal services

159

26.3 (2.9) ab

54.1

10.7

479

23.9 (3.7) ab

26.7

6.3

Occupational position

 Top and middle manager

430

26.1 (3.3)

50.2

8.1

284

23.2 (3.2) a

22.2

3.9

 White collar

1342

26.3 (3.4)

51.4

10.3

1936

23.3 (3.6) a

20.2

5.0

 Blue collar

2406

26.5 (3.3)

52.1

11.5

1339

24.1 (4.3) b

25.5

8.0

 Apprentice or other type of employment

127

26.1 (3.5)

44.1

11.0

138

23.5 (3.8) ab

23.9

7.2

Type of contract

 Permanent

3683

26.4 (3.2)

52.8

10.8

3061

23.6 (3.9)

21.3

6.5

 Temporary

597

26.2 (3.8)

43.9

10.4

611

23.5 (3.6)

28.2

3.8

Shift work

 Yes

1397

26.5 (3.4)

51.4

11.7

1278

23.8 (4.1) f

24.6

7.7

 No

2908

26.3 (3.3)

51.5

10.3

2418

23.5 (3.8) f

21.3

5.2

Night shifts

 Never

3837

26.3 (3.2)

51.0

10.6

3486

23.5 (3.9)

22.1

5.9

 1 to 2 times/wk

267

26.7 (4.1)

58.4

10.5

145

24.3 (4.5)

24.1

10.3

  > 2 times/wk

200

26.9 (3.6)

51.5

13.5

64

24.1 (3.4)

35.9

3.1

Working hours

 1–34 h/wk

454

26.7 (3.7) b

50

13.0

1405

23.5 (3.7)

22.5

5.3

 35–40 h/wk

3024

26.4 (3.3) ab

51.8

10.7

2013

23.7 (4.0)

22.0

6.9

 41–48 h/wk

492

26.3 (3.1) ab

52.4

10.6

184

23.2 (3.5)

26.1

3.3

 49–54 h/wk

202

25.9 (2.7) a

49.5

6.4

59

23.2 (3.5)

25.9

1.7

  > =55 h h/wk

134

26.3 (3.2) ab

47.8

11.9

34

23.8 (4.5)

17.6

8.8

Firm size (no. of employees)

 1–9

651

26.2 (3.3)

47.3

10.8

665

23.2 (3.7)

23.3

4.4

 10–49

887

26.2 (3.0)

54.0

8.8

727

23.6 (3.8)

22.1

5.8

 50–249

892

26.4 (3.4)

51.8

11.3

796

23.9 (3.9)

25.4

7.0

  ≥ 250

1706

26.5 (3.2)

52.8

11.6

1313

23.5 (3.8)

20.9

6.7

Health surveillance

 Yes

3201

26.4 (3.3)

52.5

11.0

2219

23.6 (3.9) f

21.9

6.9

 No

322

26.5 (3.9)

45.3

12.7

408

23.2 (4.0) f

19.6

4.9

Exposure to work-related stress risk

 No

2514

26.3 (3.3)

51.4

10.6

1922

23.5 (3.7)

22.6

5.6

 Yes

1792

26.4 (3.3)

51.6

11.0

1774

23.6 (4.0)

22.3

6,6

Exposure to VDT

 Yes

473

26.4 (3.5)

55.2

10,4

319

23.1 (3.6) f

17.2

4,7

 No

3832

26.4 (3.3)

51.0

10,8

3376

23.6 (3.9) f

22.9

6,2

Musculoskeletal diseases

 No

1567

25.9 (2.9) g

47.5

8.2

986

23.0 (3.7) g

18.7

3.3

 Yes

2734

26.6 (3.5) g

53.7

12.2

2705

23.8 (3.9) g

23.8

7.1

Respiratory diseases

 No

4038

26.3 (3.3) g

51.5

10.2

3347

23.5 (3.8) g

22.6

5.3

 Yes

266

27.4 (4.1) g

51.1

19.2

344

24.4 (4.4) g

20.6

13.7

Gastrointestinal diseases

 No

3414

26.4 (3.2)

52.3

10.6

2604

23.5 (3.8)

22.8

5.8

 Yes

887

26.4 (3.8)

48.6

11.3

1084

23.6 (4.1)

21.6

6.5

Cardiovascular diseases

 No

4012

26.2 (3.2) g

50.9

9.9

3409

23.4 (3.8) g

21.9

5.5

 Yes

292

28.1 (4.2) g

58.6

22.6

280

25.2 (4.6) g

29.3

13.2

Insomnia

 No

3373

26.3 (3.1) g

51.5

10.2

2611

23.5 (3.9)

22.4

5.8

 Yes

932

26.6 (4.0) g

51.3

12.9

1080

23.7 (3.9)

22.5

6.7

  1. Note: mean BMI for men is 26.4 (3.3); mean BMI for women 23.6 (3.9) (p < 0.05). a, b, c, d Tukey’s honestly significant difference test; e video display terminal; fp < 0.05; gp < 0.01