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Table 4 Crude and adjusted odds ratio of factors associated with elevated BP and hypertension

From: Modifiable risk factors associated with non-communicable diseases among adult outpatients in Manzini, Swaziland: a cross-sectional study

 

Prehypertension

Hypertension

 

COR

95% CI

AOR

95% CI

COR

95% CI

AOR

95% CI

Education

 No formal education

1

 

1

 

1

   

 Primary

0.276

0.06–1.24

0.284

0.06–1.27

0.503

0.18–1.41

  

 Secondary or higher

0.704

0.19–2.62

0.711

0.19–2.64

0.455

0.17–1.21

  

SES

 Lower

1

   

1

   

 Middle

1.432

0.67–3.05

  

1.025

0.60–1.75

  

 Higher

1.349

0.62–2.94

  

1.211

0.71–2.07

  

Physical activitya

 No

1

   

1

   

 Yes

1.303

0.70–2.42

  

1.023

0.65–1.60

  

Smoking history

 No

1

   

1

   

 Yes

0.887

0.48–1.64

  

1.104

0.71–1.71

  

Alcohol use

 No

1

   

1

   

 Yes

1.329

0.71–2.50

  

1.588*

1.01–2.49

  

Salt use

 No

1

   

1

   

 Yes

0.993

0.54–1.84

  

1.624*

1.04–2.54

  

Salty processed food

 No

1

   

1

 

1

 

 Yes

0.672

0.36–1.26

  

2.248***

1.44–3.52

2.100*

1.32–3.34

Fruits consumption

 No

1

   

1

   

 Yes

1.040

0.53–2.06

  

0.688

0.43–1.10

  

Vegetables consumption

 No

1

   

1

 

1

 

 Yes

0.941

0.40–2.20

  

0.368***

0.21–0.64

0.422*

0.24–0.75

  1. AOR Adjusted odds ratio; 95% CI, 95% Confidence interval; COR Crude odds ratio; SES Socio-economic status.
  2. a Participants meet the WHO recommended physical activity per week.
  3. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.001, ***P < 0.0001
  4. Backward conditional.