From: Health literacy and its effect on chronic disease prevention: evidence from China’s data
Sample | All | Rural | Urban | Rural vs Urban | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Number of Observations | N = 8194 | n = 4192 | n = 4002 | ||||
Variables | mean | s.d. | min/max | mean | mean | p-value | |
Key variables of interest | |||||||
Any chronic diseases (=1) | 0.261 | 0.439 | 0 | 1 | 0.293 | 0.227 | 0.000 |
Hypertension (=1) | 0.189 | 0.392 | 0 | 1 | 0.215 | 0.162 | 0.000 |
Heart problems (=1) | 0.019 | 0.138 | 0 | 1 | 0.021 | 0.018 | 0.322 |
Cerebrovascular disease (=1) | 0.007 | 0.082 | 0 | 1 | 0.008 | 0.006 | 0.243 |
Diabetes (=1) | 0.049 | 0.215 | 0 | 1 | 0.055 | 0.042 | 0.007 |
Cancer (=1) | 0.007 | 0.086 | 0 | 1 | 0.009 | 0.006 | 0.218 |
Other chronic diseases (=1) | 0.036 | 0.186 | 0 | 1 | 0.040 | 0.032 | 0.074 |
Adequate health literacy on CDPa (=1) | 0.258 | 0.438 | 0 | 1 | 0.231 | 0.286 | 0.000 |
Demographics | |||||||
Region (=1 urban) | 0.488 | 0.500 | 0 | 1 | 0.000 | 1.000 | 0.000 |
Has local hukou (=1) | 0.928 | 0.259 | 0 | 1 | 0.965 | 0.890 | 0.000 |
Gender (=1 male) | 0.489 | 0.500 | 0 | 1 | 0.493 | 0.484 | 0.424 |
Age in years | 48.925 | 13.242 | 15 | 69 | 51.372 | 46.363 | 0.000 |
1:Aged 15–44 | 0.342 | 0.474 | 0 | 1 | 0.245 | 0.443 | 0.000 |
2:Aged 45–59 | 0.389 | 0.488 | 0 | 1 | 0.430 | 0.347 | 0.000 |
3:Aged 60–69 | 0.269 | 0.443 | 0 | 1 | 0.325 | 0.210 | 0.000 |
Household size | 2.825 | 1.520 | 1 | 50 | 2.877 | 2.771 | 0.002 |
Annual income (1000 CNY) | 86.552 | 103.176 | 0 | 3500 | 71.462 | 102.359 | 0.000 |
Education level | |||||||
1:Illiterate | 0.086 | 0.281 | 0 | 1 | 0.132 | 0.038 | 0.000 |
2:Elementary | 0.274 | 0.446 | 0 | 1 | 0.364 | 0.179 | 0.000 |
3:Middle school | 0.300 | 0.458 | 0 | 1 | 0.309 | 0.291 | 0.067 |
4:High school | 0.168 | 0.374 | 0 | 1 | 0.117 | 0.222 | 0.000 |
5:College or above | 0.172 | 0.377 | 0 | 1 | 0.078 | 0.270 | 0.000 |
Occupation | |||||||
1:Working in public sectors | 0.093 | 0.290 | 0 | 1 | 0.061 | 0.127 | 0.000 |
2:Farmers | 0.289 | 0.453 | 0 | 1 | 0.449 | 0.121 | 0.000 |
3:Manual labourers | 0.184 | 0.388 | 0 | 1 | 0.191 | 0.177 | 0.117 |
4:Working in private sectors | 0.172 | 0.378 | 0 | 1 | 0.094 | 0.254 | 0.000 |
5:Other | 0.262 | 0.440 | 0 | 1 | 0.206 | 0.321 | 0.000 |