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Table 3 Multivariable Analyses of CVD Behavioral Risk Factors by Race/Ethnicity and Citizenship and Documentation Status, California Residents Ages 18–64, 2011–2015

From: Cardiovascular disease behavioral risk factors among Latinos by citizenship and documentation status

 

Model

Latino (n = 18,604)

Non-Latino White

US-born

Naturalized Citizens

Green Card Holders

Undocumented Residents

US-born

Current Smoker

 All

Logistic (OR)

[CI]

REF

0.82

[0.63, 1.05]

0.90

[0.68, 1.21]

0.61**

[0.46, 0.81]

2.02***

[1.74, 2.35]

 Men

Logistic (OR)

[CI]

REF

1.08

[0.77, 1.52]

1.17

[0.82, 1.68]

0.81

[0.57, 1.16]

1.86***

[1.55, 2.24]

 Women

Logistic (OR)

[CI]

REF

0.55**

[0.37, 0.82]

0.58

[0.33, 1.01]

0.27***

[0.16, 0.47]

2.26***

[1.82, 2.81]

Binge Drinking in Past Year

 All

Logistic (OR)

[CI]

REF

0.86

[0.74, 1.01]

0.99

[0.83, 1.18]

0.75**

[0.62, 0.91]

1.15**

[1.06, 1.25]

 Men

Logistic (OR)

[CI]

REF

1.15

[0.92, 1.44]

1.42**

[1.10, 1.81]

0.87

[0.66, 1.14]

1.15*

[1.01, 1.30]

 Women

Logistic (OR)

[CI]

REF

0.62***

[0.49, 0.79]

0.60***

[0.45, 0.78]

0.62**

[0.45, 0.85]

1.15***

[1.01, 1.31]

Fast Food at Least Once in Past Week

  All

Logistic (OR)

[CI]

REF

0.80*

[0.66, 0.95]

0.81*

[0.66, 1.00]

0.84

[0.67, 1.05]

0.55***

[0.50, 0.62]

 Men

Logistic (OR)

[CI]

REF

0.84

[0.64, 1.11]

0.92

[0.68, 1.24]

0.83

[0.59, 1.17]

0.61***

[0.52, 0.72]

 Women

Logistic (OR)

[CI]

REF

0.76*

[0.61, 0.94]

0.71*

[0 .53, 0.96]

0.85

[0.61, 1.17]

0.51***

[0.44, 0.58]

Number of Times Ate Fast Food Last Week

 All

Poisson (IRR)

[CI]

REF

0.82***

[0.76, 0.90]

0.90*

[0.81, 1.00]

0.82***

[0.73, 0.91]

0.79***

[0.74, 0.83]

 Men

Poisson (IRR)

[CI]

REF

0.85**

[0.76, 0.95]

0.97

[0.85, 1.11]

0.83*

[0.71, 0.97]

0.85***

[0.79, 0.92]

 Women

Poisson (IRR)

[CI]

REF

0.79***

[0.71, 0.88]

0.80**

[0.70, 0.93]

0.79***

[0.70, 0.90]

0.71***

[0 .65, 0.77]

Drank Soda at Least Once in Past Week

 All

Logistic (OR)

[CI]

REF

1.00

[0.85, 1.17]

1.11

[0.93, 1.33]

1.14

[0.93, 1.39]

0.67***

[0.61, 0.74]

 Men

Logistic (OR)

[CI]

REF

1.17

[0.92, 1.50]

1.29*

[1.00, 1.66]

1.29

[0.96, 1.73]

0.74***

[0 .65, 0.85]

 Women

Logistic (OR)

[CI]

REF

0.87

[0.70, 1.07]

0.96

[0.75, 1.22]

0.98

[0.75, 1.28]

0.61***

[0.53, 0.69]

Number of Times Drank Soda Last Week (Count - Poisson IRR)

 All

Poisson (IRR)

[CI]

REF

0.73***

[0.63, 0.85]

0.93

[0.79, 1.10]

0.85

[0.73, 1.00]

0.89*

[0.81, 0.99]

 Men

Poisson (IRR)

[CI]

REF

0.80*

[0.66, 0.96]

0.98

[0.79, 1.22]

0.92

[0.74, 1.13]

0.90

[0.80, 1.02]

 Women

Poisson (IRR)

[CI]

REF

0.63***

[0.50, 0.80]

0.86

[0.68, 1.09]

0.74*

[0.58, 0.95]

0.89

[0.75, 1.05]

Ate Fruits or Vegetables at Least 5 Times Per Daya

 All

Logistic (OR)

[CI]

REF

0.89

[0.53, 1.52]

1.04

[0.59, 1.85]

1.01

[0.48, 2.15]

1.73***

[1.28, 2.33]

 Men

Logistic (OR)

[CI]

REF

0.75

[0.29, 1.92]

0.24**

[0.09, 0.63]

0.50

[0.12, 1.98]

1.51

[0.96, 2.37]

 Women

Logistic (OR)

[CI]

REF

1.06

[0.57, 1.97]

2.10*

[1.08, 4.10]

1.67

[0.73, 3.82]

1.93**

[1.31, 2.84]

Number of Times Walked for at Least 10 Minutes Last Week (Count - Poisson IRR)

 All

Poisson (IRR)

[CI]

REF

0.98

[0.89, 1.08]

0.97

[0.89, 1.04]

0.96

[0.88, 1.04]

1.07*

[1.01, 1.13]

 Men

Poisson (IRR)

[CI]

REF

0.91

[0.83, 1.00]

0.93

[0.84, 1.04]

0.95

[0.86, 1.05]

1.05

[0.97, 1.14]

 Women

Poisson (IRR)

[CI]

REF

1.04

[0.91, 1.20]

1.00

[0.91, 1.12]

0.98

[0.87, 1.11]

1.08

[1.00, 1.16]

Currently Taking Blood Pressure Medication (n = 13,776)

 All

Logistic (OR)

[CI]

REF

0.73

[0.52, 1.02]

0.83

[0.53, 1.29]

0.59*

[0.36, 0.95]

0.83

[0.67, 1.03]

 Men

Logistic (OR)

[CI]

REF

0.66

[0.40, 1.08]

0.82

[0.41, 1.658]

0.99

[0.49, 2.00]

0.80

[0.60, 1.06]

 Women

Logistic (OR)

[CI]

REF

0.76

[0.47, 1.23]

0.82

[0.46, 1.48]

0.35**

[0.18, 0.67]

0.87

[0.63, 1.20]

  1. Adjusted for sex, marital status, health insurance, age, education, English language proficiency, employment, federal poverty level, urban/rural area, self-reported health, and survey year
  2. aDerived from a weekly measure
  3. CI denotes a 95% confidence interval; OR denotes an odds ratio; IRR denotes an incidence rate ratio
  4. ***p < 0.001, **p < 0.01, *p < 0.05
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