Association of fine particulate matter exposure with acute noncardiovascular critical illnesses and in-hospital outcomes in patients receiving intensive cardiac care

Table 3 Clinical outcomes

	The 2-day average concentration of PM_2.5 before ICCU admission
Outcomes	≤36 μg/m³	37-63 μg/m³	≥64 μg/m³	P value
Outcomes	(N = 804)	(N = 773)	(N = 760)	P value
Primary endpoint	42(5.2)	56(7.2)	79(10.4)	< 0.001
DAMA from hospital in ECC	20(2.5)	24(3.1)	39(5.1)	0.005
DAMA from ICCU in ECC	15(1.9)	20(2.6)	32(4.2)	0.006
All-cause Death in hospital	22(2.7)	32(4.1)	40(5.3)	0.011
All-cause death in ICCU	21(2.6)	30(3.9)	33(4.3)	0.065

Data are expressed as median (interquartile) or counts (percentage), as appropriate
Abbreviation: PM_2.5 particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter less than 2.5 μm, DAMA discharge against medical advice, ECC extremely critical condition, define as the composite of circulatory shock, electrical instability requiring emergency interventions, or acute respiratory failure with the need for mechanical ventilation

ISSN: 1471-2458