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Table 4 Action plans of the 5 schools

From: Decreasing employees’ work stress by a participatory, organizational level work stress prevention approach: a multiple-case study in primary education

 

School A

School B

School C

School D

School E

Causes of work stress

High job demands

X

  

X

X

High administrative load

X

X

X

X

X

High time pressure

X

X

X

X

X

Work home interference

 

X

   

Unwanted behavior from external persons

 

X

 

X

 

High burden of non teaching tasks

 

X

X

X

X

Lack of support in non teaching tasks

  

X

 

X

Lack of support in administrative tasks

X

X

 

X

 

Level differences of students

 

X

   

Combination groups (students from two different school years combined in one group)

  

X

  

Inefficient meetings

X

   

X

Difficult student population

   

X

 

Lack of management support

    

X

Working overtime

    

X

Categories of measures

Year Planning/ group plans/ work tasks

Year planning:

Making framework for year planning

Describing year tasks for each group

Yearly evaluation and update of year planning

Work tasks:

Make list of current assignments, evaluate and update list

Feedback training for teachers

New colleagues are assigned to a mentor (the mentor receives time for mentor tasks)

Teachers from year groups make a list of all assignments, log in codes etc

Year planning:

Make a plan to reduce peak load

Keep space in year planning to deal with peak load

Cancel one meeting with parents

Individual meetings between teachers and direction to discuss year planning

Year planning:

Agreements with team about deadline of year planning, making adjustments throughout the year, be critical about what to include in year planning, arrange day for part-timers

Group plans:

Make, evaluate and adjust year plans, make sure teachers know how to use them

Work tasks:

Prioritizing work tasks and reduce unnecessary work tasks

Divide work tasks based on teachers’ skills and preferences

Make proportionate distribution of work tasks

Keep space for unforeseen tasks

Log all agreements in document

Year planning:

Compare year planning of different school years and align them

Year planning:

Making format for year planning per group

Uniformity in conducting year planning

Evaluation and update format

Group plans:

4 moments per year for conducting and evaluating group plans

Administrative tasks

Administrative tasks

Agreements on checking students work

Investigating possibilities for digital tests to reduce task of checking students work

Meetings with teachers to reduce double administration

Improving data storage

Make overview of administrators

Administrative tasks

Evaluate and improve report form on student development (only reporting the necessary)

Make appointments about informing colleagues that were absent at meeting

Make format for scenario and adjust existing scenario’s based on new format and collect scenario’s

Administrative tasks:

Make, evaluate and bundle agreements about how to work with Parnassys (digital report system)

Make agreements on checking students work and discuss with teachers

Outsource administrative tasks to administration officer

Administrative tasks:

Adjusting group overview (containing only information that is not logged elsewhere)

Change group plans, students are monitored in a different way

Reducing 3 documents on group plan ‘behaviour’ into 1.

Reducing checking students work

Making clear the administrative tasks per function

Administrative tasks:

Teachers plan 1 h per week to work on group plans

ICT

Improvements in ICT:

Letter to the direction

Meeting with ICT professional

Making and implementing project plan to solve ICT issues

    

Study days/ meetings

Alternative program study days:

Explanation of the purpose of each educational activity

Evaluation of study days and improving program based on evaluation

Evaluation of other educational activities

Discussion about planning parents meetings (afternoon of evening)

Effective meetings:

Make agreements about effective meetings

Effective meetings:

Make agreements on number of targets, number of meetings, content of meetings, involve teachers in meetings, making meetings more motivative

 

Alternative program study days:

Study days will have practical and substantive component

At least 45 min are available for practical issues

Effective meetings:

Conduct action list and use it at team meetings

Team meetings will have practical component

Education will be prepared in unit meeting that is already planned

Fit between education and student population

 

Dealing with level differences of students:

Continuing existing program

Execute and evaluate pilot ‘calculation’

Adjusting education to student population:

Long-term program (more practical classes, more continuency regarding substitution, etc)

Adjusting education to student population:

Improving tailoring to students needs

Plan energizers in between lessons to motivate children.

 

Unwanted behavior/ parents involvement

Measures for unwanted behavior from parents:

Raising awareness (information in school guide, newsletter and incidental personal talks)

Conducting protocol for unwanted behavior and discuss it in meeting with teachers

Preparing hand-out with behavioural rules for teachers, students and parents

Measures for unwanted behavior:

Recap of skills that are obtained in earlier training

Inform teachers on protocol in case of unwanted behavior

Publication of protocol in school guide and news letter

Improvement of parents involvement:

Conducting and using parent forms

Inviting parents to theme meetings

Proactive attitude in regards to parents:

Issues regarding unwanted behavior from parents are inventoried, teachers can get assistance when wanted

Agreements are made about contact with parents

Improvement of parents involvement:

Organising two parent meetings

Measures for unwanted behavior:

Protocol to deal with escalation

Communicating protocol to parents

 

Culture

 

Empowerment teachers

Teachers can choose from educational activities in relation to time management and prioritization

If teachers experience a problem, they are invited to propose a solution

Investing in positive work climate:

Improve feedback culture among teachers

Closing school day with students in positive manner

Investing in positive work climate:

Teachers discuss school conduct rules with students

Students are approached positively and are motivated to commit to school rules

Empowerment teachers:

Feedback training (to improve feedback culture among colleagues)

Time management training

Investing in positive work climate:

Make project plan to develop, implement culture card that presents the ideal work culture

Increasing employee commitment:

Teachers are asked to submit creative idea for division of work tasks

During study day, tasks are divided by means of task market

Leadership

Leadership:

Communication on important decisions from direction to teachers

Teambuilders assist at meetings

Teamleaders make workplace rounds between 8.00–8.15 o clock

   

Leadership:

Direction is visible at workplace – workplace rounds

Development of employees is discussed in development meeting with direction