BMC Public Health

Table 5 Logistic regression model of determinants of CHE for health care of different kinds of complications among hypertensive patients in rural Shandong, China, 2016

From: Catastrophic health expenditure: a comparative study between hypertensive patients with and without complication in rural Shandong, China

Variables	One complication			Two or more complications			No complication
Variables	OR	95%CI	P	OR	95%CI	P	OR	95%CI	P
Household income						NA ^a			NA
Q4	1.0
Q1^b	2.18	1.25–3.78	0.006
Q2	1.39	0.81–2.41	0.228
Q3	1.06	0.62–1.81	0.839
In-Patient
No	1.0			1.0			1.0
Yes	9.14	6.49–12.89	0.000	40.96	7.72–217.30	0.000	20.10	11.47–35.33	0.000
Out-Patient
No	1.0			1.0			1.0
Yes	1.69	1.13–2.53	0.011	8.44	1.16–61.43	0.035	5.62	3.39–9.32	0.000
Dibao^c						NA			NA
No	1.0
Yes	2.52	1.39–4.55	0.002
Education			NA			NA
None							1.0
Primary school							0.50	0.31–0.82	0.005
Junior school							0.39	0.18–0.86	0.019
Senior school or above							0.69	0.24–1.98	0.482
Living arrangements			NA			NA
Others							1.0
Empty-nest single							5.88	1.48–23.39	0.012
Empty-nest couple							1.82	0.61–5.38	0.284
Observations	1013			91		2009
Adjusted R²	0.32			0.61		0.28

The P- values indicate statistical significance at 5% level
^a not applicable
^b Quartile 1(Q1) is the poorest and Quartile 4(Q4) is the richest
^c “Dibao” means low-income households in China, which living and medical aids from municipal governments and other welfare programs

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