Documentation of vaccine wastage in two different geographic contexts under the universal immunization program in India

Table 5 Vaccine wastage rates reported from India and globally

Author	State	Level	Wastage rates for vaccines (%)
Author	State	Level	BCG	OPV	DPT	HBV	LPV	DT	TT	IPV	Measles	MR	MMR
India
Unicef (2010) [2]	UP	OR	58	40	19	–	–		20		26	–
	HP	OR	65	75	58	57	–		53		58	–
	TN	OR	65	46	20	30	–		32		35	–
	MH	OR	54	51	35	37	–		55		44	–
	AS	OR	68	56	34	–	–		41		41	–
	Pooled	OR	60.9	47.4	26.8	33.1	–		33.7		35.1	–
Chinnakali P et al. (2012) [6]	Delhi	OR	70.9	48.1	38.6	–		57.3	62.8		39.9	–	37.5
Mukherjee et al. (2013) [7]	UP	Store^a	50.8	35.7	19.6			46.0	54.1		31.7
	Bihar	Store^a	58.8	46.9	24.1			33.6	34.1		22.3
	WB	Store^a	45.5	66.7	60.5			46.2	55.4		28.3
	Goa	Store^a	56.3	36.3	20.8			37.2	29.3		28.4
	Pooled	Store^a	49.3	52.7	38.9			39.1	48.0		27.9
Mehta S et al. (2013) [8]	GJ	Store^a	45	25	16	21					25
Shah HD et al. (2016) [9]	GJ	Store^a	42.5		40.9		30.7		35.8		40.4
Patel PB et al. (2016) [10]	GJ	Store^a		13.6	8.5
Duttagupta C et al. (2017) [11]	KA	Store^a	64.6	41.4	50.2		24.5				32.5
Gupta V et al. (2015) [12]	HR	Store^b	77.9	28.9	46.7	38.6	7.4		36.8		41.2
Daya P et al. (2015) [13]	PD	Store^b		2.4	8.4	5.3			4.2		46.5		1.4
Sharma G et al. (2016) [14]	RJ	Store^b	21.3	29.4	12.7	9.2	9.3				27.6
Parmar D et al. (2016) [4]	MH	Store^b	22.9	6.7	3.4	6.5			6.13		11
Tiwari R et al. (2017) [15]	MP	Store^b	20.7	14.6	15.6	10.5	5.2	–	7.0	10.4	21.6
Other countries
Guichard S et al. (2010) [16]	BG	Store^a	84.4		45.1				34.8		68.6
Wallace AS et al. (2017) [17]	Nigeria	Store^a	22.5	22.5	18	21			28		27
Wallace AS et al. (2017) [17]	Nigeria	OR	30	35	21	22			30		23
Usuf E et al. (2018) [18]	Gambia	Store^a	54.9	4.4	0.1	1.9	2.5		2.0	5.1	15.6

AS Assam, BG Bangladesh, GJ Gujarat, HP Himachal Pradesh, HR Haryana, KA Karnataka, MH Maharashtra, MP Madhya Pradesh, PD Puducherry, RJ Rajasthan, TN Tamil Nadu, UP Uttar Pradesh, WB West Bengal
^aVaccine store and outreach combined
^bSingle facility immunization clinic

ISSN: 1471-2458