Table 1 Exposure items from the included scales to measure psychological resources
Items | Scale |
|---|---|
Sense of coherence (Meaningfulness) | Total score sums between 4 and 20 |
1. What do you think of the things you do every day? | “Very boring” (1) – “Very exciting” (5) |
2. How often do you do things that you find meaningful? | “Never” (1) – “Very often” (5) |
3. How often do you feel, that you don’t care about what goes on around you? | “Very often” (1) – “Never” (5) |
4. How often do you have the feeling that there is little meaning in the things you do in your daily life? | “Very often” (1) – “Never” (5) |
Personal mastery | Total score sums between 7 and 28 |
1. I have little control of the things that happen to me. | “Strongly disagree” (1) – “Strongly agree” (4) |
2. There is really no way I can solve some of the problems I have | “Strongly disagree” (1) – “Strongly agree” (4) |
3. There is little I can do to change many of the important things in my life | “Strongly disagree” (1) – “Strongly agree” (4) |
4. I often feel helpless in dealing with problems of life | “Strongly disagree” (1) – “Strongly agree” (4) |
5. Sometimes I feel that I’m being pushed around in life | “Strongly disagree” (1) – “Strongly agree” (4) |
6. What happens in the future mostly depends on me | “Strongly disagree” (1) – “Strongly agree” (4) |
7. I can do just about anything I really set my mind to do | “Strongly disagree” (1) – “Strongly agree” (4) |
Self-esteem | Total score sums between 6 and 24 |
1. I feel that I have a number of good qualities | “Strongly disagree” (1) – “Strongly agree” (4) |
2. I feel that I’m a person of worth at least equal to others | “Strongly disagree” (1) – “Strongly agree” (4) |
3. I am able to do things as well as most other people | “Strongly disagree” (1) – “Strongly agree” (4) |
4. I take a positive attitude toward myself | “Strongly disagree” (1) – “Strongly agree” (4) |
5. On a whole, I am satisfied with myself | “Strongly disagree” (1) – “Strongly agree” (4) |
6. All in all, I’m inclined to feel that I’m a failure | “Strongly agree” (1) – “Strongly disagree” (4) |