Household presentation of acute gastroenteritis in a primary care sentinel network: retrospective database studies

Table 1 Results of the negative binomial model of the 5 years cross-sectional data

Variable	Reference/Comparison	IRR	95% CI	p-value
< 5 years old in household	No < 5 years old in household	12.4	(11.3–13.7)	< 0.001
IMD Quintile	IMDQ1
IMDQ2		0.73	(0.59–0.89)	< 0.001
IMDQ3		0.66	(0.53–0.82)	< 0.001
IMDQ4		0.76	(0.62–0.94)	0.01
IMDQ5		0.68	(0.55–0.84)	< 0.001
Ethnicity	Asian
Black		0.51	(0.35–0.75)	< 0.001
Mixed		0.69	(0.42–1.13)	0.14
Other		1.03	(0.59–1.79)	0.93
White		0.64	(0.5–0.81)	< 0.001
Urban Rural Classification	Town & City (suburban)
Conurbation		0.76	(0.61–0.97)	0.03
Rural		1.17	(0.95–1.43)	0.13
NHS Region	London
Midlands & East		0.47	(0.36–0.63)	< 0.001
North		0.50	(0.40–0.63)	< 0.001
South		0.60	(0.46–0.80)	< 0.001
Year		0.96	(0.92–1.0)	0.2

Table 1 describes findings from the negative binomial model of the cross- sectional data. In the 5 years (2013–2017), there were 4346 incidence cases of AGE. The presence of a child under 5-years old in the household leads to an over 12-fold (12.20, 95% CI 11.08–13.44) increase in the expected count of events (p < 0.001), compared to a household without an under 5-year old resident. Compared to the most deprived quintile other quintiles show a reduction in incidence (e.g. the least deprived Quintile 5 shows a reduction in incidence of about 27% (IRR: 0.63, 95% CI 0.52–0.76). Compared with the reference category City and town (medium density suburban housing), conurbations (highest population density) showed a decrease in incidence by 24%. A rural setting did not show any difference. All the other NHS Regions had lower rates of household incidence, around half that of London (p < 0.0001). The observed fall per year in incidence rates was not statistically significant
IRR incidence rate ratio, CI confidence interval, IMD index of multiple deprivation

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