Factors associated with low handgrip strength in older people: data of the Study of Chronic Diseases (Edoc-I)

de Araújo Amaral, Cledir; Amaral, Thatiana Lameira Maciel; Monteiro, Gina Torres Rego; de Vasconcellos, Maurício Teixeira Leite; Portela, Margareth Crisóstomo

doi:10.1186/s12889-020-08504-z

BMC Public Health

Table 3 Prevalence of Low HGS by sex, according to health conditions among older people

From: Factors associated with low handgrip strength in older people: data of the Study of Chronic Diseases (Edoc-I)

Variables	Overall				Men				Women
	Low HGS (≤P20)				Low HGS (≤P20)				Low HGS (≤P20)
	n	N	%	χ²	n	N	%	χ²	n	N	%	χ²
Waist circumference ^a				0.652				0.249				0.956
Normal	106	2627	17.5		57	1561	17.6		49	1066	17.2
Altered	60	1362	16.4		9	261	13.2		51	1101	17.5
Waist-to-hip ratio ^a				0.200				0.629				0.187
Normal	65	1647	15.4		39	1082	15.9		26	565	14.6
Altered	100	2319	18.5		26	717	18.0		74	1602	18.8
BMI*				< 0.001				0.035				< 0.001
Low weight	41	926	31.8		16	389	30.9		25	537	32.4
Eutrophic	56	1400	15.8		26	771	15.9		30	629	15.8
Overweight	67	1599	14.2		23	625	13.5		44	974	14.6
Self-assessment of health				0.080				0.077				0.540
Very Good /Good /Regular	135	3231	16.4		54	1483	15.4		81	1749	17.3
Bad /Very bad	34	822	22.3		12	339	26.6		22	483	20.0
Assessment of current health in relation to that of the previous 12 months ^a				0.011				0.006				0.398
Better /Equal	101	2391	15.1		38	1040	13.3		63	1352	16.8
Worse	68	1662	22.2		28	782	26.0		40	880	19.7
Assessment of health in comparison with people of the same age ^a				< 0.001				0.005				0.020
Better /Equal	119	2814	15.2		46	1227	14.1		73	1587	16.2
Worse	44	1090	27.5		17	507	28.4		27	583	26.8
Dependence in ADL ^a				0.035				< 0.001				0.830
No	139	3338	16.3		49	1363	14.5		90	1975	17.9
Yes	29	692	24.5		17	459	32.4		12	233	16.6
Dependence on IADL ^a				< 0.001				< 0.001				0.032
No	59	1492	12.3		24	693	11.3		35	799	13.3
Yes	109	2537	22.8		42	1129	24.0		67	1408	21.9
Depression in the GDS*				0.094				0.246				0.269
No	104	2506	15.9		44	1213	15.4		60	1293	20.5
Yes	64	1514	20.3		21	576	20.1		43	938	16.4
Insomnia ^a				0.024				0.347				0.015
No	97	2310	15.0		45	1225	15.5		52	1085	14.4
Yes	72	1744	21.9		21	597	19.9		51	1147	23.0
Musculoskeletal complaints				0.733				0.701				0.335
No	70	1722	16.8		41	1099	17.4		29	623	15.7
Yes	99	2332	17.7		25	723	15.8		74	1609	18.8
Cardiovascular event				0.203				0.509				0.171
No	125	2992	16.5		50	1368	16.0		75	1625	16.9
Yes	44	1061	20.2		16	454	19.2		28	607	21.1
Anemia ^a				< 0.001				< 0.001				0.022
No	107	2573	13.8		35	1010	11.9		72	1563	15.4
Yes	56	1355	30.3		30	791	35.1		26	564	25.3
Diabetes ^a								0.046				0.191
No	138	3277	17.0		51	1393	15.3		87	1884	18.4
Yes	28	712	18.1		14	407	24.0		14	305	13.6
Hypertension ^a				0.190				0.195				0.733
No	48	1165	20.0		22	585	21.1		26	580	18.9
Yes	120	2867	16.5		43	1216	15.3		77	1651	17.6
Hypercholesterolemia ^a				0.261				0.875				0.107
No	86	2056	18.3		39	1039	16.8		47	1017	20.1
Yes	78	1891	15.7		26	762	16.3		52	1129	15.3
Altered HDL cholesterol ^a				0.090				0.404				0.176
No	105	2579	15.7		45	1269	15.7		60	1311	15.8
Yes	58	1349	19.8		20	532	19.6		38	817	19.9
Hypertriglyceridemia ^a				0.033				0.054				0.287
No	103	2480	19.5		47	1256	19.9		56	1224	19.1
Yes	62	1491	14.1		18	544	12.0		44	946	15.6
Dyslipidemia ^a				0.280				0.265				0.563
No	38	951	20.4		22	595	20.7		16	356	19.9
Yes	127	3020	16.2		43	1206	15.1		84	1814	17.0
Metabolic syndrome ^a				0.080				0.386				0.173
No	91	2213	18.9		35	989	18.5		56	1224	19.2
Yes	71	1690	14.8		29	790	14.8		42	900	14.9

^amissing; n = number of observations in the sample; N = population inference based on weights and sampling design; % = estimated prevalence based on weighted frequencies; χ² = p-value of the Pearson chi-square test

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