Table 3 Stratified analyses of association between PM_2.5 concentrations and change in levels of fasting glucose and lipid profiles

CCI

 0

Mean level, μg/m³ ± SD

21.839 ± 1.790

24.888 ± 0.574

26.609 ± 0.513

30.563 ± 2.221

FBG

0.892

(0.491–1.293)

0.940

(0.536–1.345)

1.082

(0.675–1.490)

1.928

(1.520–2.337)

LDL-C

1.437

(0.703–2.171)

1.924

(1.185–2.664)

2.077

(1.332–2.823)

2.934

(2.183–3.684)

 ≥1

Mean level, μg/m³ ± SD

21.779 ± 1.834

24.972 ± 0.621

26.890 ± 0.701

30.979 ± 2.148

FBG

0.550

(0.283–0.816)

0.975

(0.702–1.249)

0.687

(0.422–0.953)

1.180

(0.886–1.475)

LDL-C

0.341

(−0.086–0.768)

0.618

(0.180–1.056)

0.316

(− 0.109–0.741)

1.384

(0.910–1.857)

FBG at baseline, mg/dL

 < 126

Mean level, μg/m³ ± SD

21.779 ± 1.832

24.972 ± 0.619

26.887 ± 0.699

30.970 ± 2.139

FBG

1.711

(1.506–1.915)

2.120

(1.910–2.329)

1.877

(1.673–2.080)

2.636

(2.409–2.862)

LDL-C

0.825

(0.395–1.255)

0.947

(0.507–1.388)

0.689

(0.261–1.117)

1.767

(1.289–2.244)

 ≥126

Mean level, μg/m³ ± SD

21.776 ± 1.866

24.972 ± 0.650

26.932 ± 0.729

31.107 ± 2.290

FBG

−18.051

(−20.907--15.196)

−17.233

(−20.279--14.187)

−17.943

(−20.826--15.061)

−21.123

(−24.260--17.986)

LDL-C

−7.618

(−9.899--5.337)

−4.763

(−7.186--2.340)

−5.667

(−7.985--3.350)

−4.444

(−6.956--1.931)

LDL-C at baseline, mg/dL

 < 160

Mean level, μg/m³ ± SD

21.786 ± 1.832

24.970 ± 0.621

26.885 ± 0.699

30.964 ± 2.137

FBG

0.592

(0.314–0.871)

1.075

(0.791–1.360)

0.759

(0.482–1.036)

1.237

(0.930–1.544)

LDL-C

3.519

(3.127–3.910)

3.721

(3.321–4.120)

3.540

(3.150–3.930)

4.605

(4.172–5.037)

 ≥160

Mean level, μg/m³ ± SD

21.731 ± 1.845

24.993 ± 0.617

26.930 ± 0.715

31.157 ± 2.279

FBG

0.295

(−0.602–1.192)

0.034

(− 0.934–1.002)

0.068

(− 0.830–0.967)

0.342

(− 0.694–1.378)

LDL-C

−30.200

(− 32.319--28.082)

−31.971

(− 34.252--29.690)

− 30.564

(− 32.685--28.443)

− 32.279

(− 34.729--29.829)

Physical activity^a

 Active

Mean level, μg/m³ ± SD

21.726 ± 1.848

24.883 ± 0.578

26.842 ± 0.733

31.094 ± 2.263

FBG

0.612

(0.006–1.218)

1.354

(0.691–2.017)

0.613

(0.019–1.207)

1.092

(0.409–1.775)

LDL-C

0.422

(−0.490–1.334)

0.748

(− 0.246–1.742)

0.380

(− 0.513–1.274)

1.425

(0.397–2.454)

 Inactive

Mean level, μg/m³ ± SD

21.794 ± 1.830

24.973 ± 0.621

26.884 ± 0.621

30.949 ± 2.117

FBG

0.534

(0.238–0.830)

0.854

(0.550–1.157)

0 .738

(0.444–1.032)

1.210

(0.883–1.536)

LDL-C

0.322

(−0.161–0.805)

0.577

(0.083–1.070)

0.328

(− 0.151–0.807)

1.353

(0.819–1.887)

Age, years

 < 60

Mean level, μg/m³ ± SD

21.795 ± 1.819

24.969 ± 0.612

26.859 ± 0.686

30.953 ± 2.133

FBG

0.846

(0.530–1.163)

1.143

(0.823–1.464)

1.049

(0.736–1.362)

1.130

(0.786–1.475)

LDL-C

1.932

(1.413–2.452)

2.085

(1.560–2.610)

1.606

(1.092–2.120)

2.512

(1.945–3.078)

 ≥60

Mean level, μg/m³ ± SD

21.754 ± 1.858

24.977 ± 0.637

26.941 ± 0.723

31.024 ± 2.176

FBG

0.049

(−0.426–0.524)

0.707

(0.207–1.208)

0.096

(−0.383–0.574)

1.259

(0.717–1.802)

LDL-C

−2.344

(−3.081--1.607)

−1.810

(−2.587--1.033)

−1.824

(− 2.568--1.080)

−0.530

(− 1.374–0.315)