Inequalities in participation and time spent in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity: a pooled analysis of the cross-sectional health surveys for England 2008, 2012, and 2016

Scholes, Shaun; Mindell, Jennifer S.

doi:10.1186/s12889-020-08479-x

Table 3 Parameter estimates from multivariable hurdle models (any participation and amount of time spent active), Health Survey for England 2008, 2012 and 2016

From: Inequalities in participation and time spent in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity: a pooled analysis of the cross-sectional health surveys for England 2008, 2012, and 2016

	Any (%)	P-value	Unconditional: Mean MVPA hours/week	P-value	Conditional: Mean MVPA-active hours/week	P-value
	AME (95% CI)^a	P-value	AME (95% CI)^a	P-value	AME (95% CI)^a	P-value
Men
Total:
Middle vs lowest	3.1 (1.9, 4.3)	< 0.001	2.7 (1.4, 4.0)	< 0.001	2.3 (0.9, 3.7)	0.001
Highest vs lowest	4.4 (3.0, 5.9)	< 0.001	3.7 (2.3, 5.0)	< 0.001	3.1 (1.7, 4.5)	< 0.001
Sports/exercise:
Middle vs lowest	8.0 (5.1, 10.8)	0.002	0.9 (0.3, 1.5)	0.002	0.5 (−0.4, 1.4)	0.254
Highest vs lowest	17.0 (14.1, 19.8)	< 0.001	2.2 (1.6, 2.8)	< 0.001	1.3 (0.4, 2.1)	0.003
Domestic:
Middle vs lowest	0.5 (−2.3, 3.3)	0.744	−0.1 (−0.2, 0.1)	0.260	−0.2 (− 0.5, 0.1)	0.187
Highest vs lowest	4.4 (1.7, 7.2)	0.002	−0.1 (− 0.2, 0.1)	0.314	− 0.3 (− 0.6, 0.0)	0.025
Walking:
Middle vs lowest	3.2 (0.3, 6.1)	0.031	−0.3 (− 0.8, 0.1)	0.145	− 0.9 (− 1.7, − 0.2)	0.018
Highest vs lowest	13.0 (10.3, 15.8)	< 0.001	0.2 (− 0.3, 0.6)	0.430	− 0.9 (− 1.7, − 0.2)	0.015
Manual:
Middle vs lowest	4.3 (1.8, 6.9)	0.001	0.3 (0.1, 0.5)	0.001	0.5 (0.0, 1.0)	0.059
Highest vs lowest	5.4 (2.9, 7.9)	< 0.001	0.2 (0.0, 0.3)	0.039	0.0 (−0.5, 0.4)	0.843
Occupational:
Middle vs lowest	6.9 (4.5, 9.4)	< 0.001	1.3 (0.6, 2.0)	0.001	0.1 (−2.7, 2.9)	0.960
Highest vs lowest	−1.7 (−4.0, 0.6)	0.139	−1.1 (− 1.8, −0.4)	0.001	−5.1 (−7.9, − 2.3)	< 0.001
Women
Total:
Middle vs lowest	1.3 (0.4, 2.2)	0.004	1.1 (0.0, 2.2)	0.041	1.0 (−0.2, 2.2)	0.089
Highest vs lowest	3.1 (2.1, 4.2)	< 0.001	2.5 (1.4, 3.6)	< 0.001	2.1 (1.0, 3.3)	< 0.001
Sports/exercise:
Middle vs lowest	8.3 (6.0, 10.7)	< 0.001	0.6 (0.2, 0.9)	0.001	0.2 (−0.3, 0.8)	0.431
Highest vs lowest	18.8 (16.4, 21.2)	< 0.001	1.7 (1.3, 2.1)	< 0.001	1.0 (0.5, 1.6)	< 0.001
Domestic:
Middle vs lowest	−1.7 (−3.7, 0.2)	0.082	−0.3 (−0.6, − 0.1)	0.017	− 0.4 (− 0.7, 0.0)	0.045
Highest vs lowest	−4.0 (−6.0, − 1.9)	< 0.001	−0.7 (− 1.0, − 0.4)	< 0.001	−0.8 (− 1.1, − 0.4)	< 0.001
Walking:
Middle vs lowest	2.9 (0.4, 5.3)	0.021	−0.1 (− 0.5, 0.3)	0.606	− 0.6 (− 1.3, 0.1)	0.107
Highest vs lowest	10.2 (7.6, 12.8)	< 0.001	0.2 (−0.3, 0.6)	0.487	− 1.0 (− 1.7, − 0.2)	0.012
Manual:
Middle vs lowest	1.1 (−0.7, 3.0)	0.220	0.1 (0.0, 0.2)	0.093	0.3 (−0.2, 0.9)	0.231
Highest vs lowest	2.0 (0.2, 3.9)	0.032	0.1 (0.0, 0.2)	0.047	0.2 (−0.2, 0.7)	0.331
Occupational:
Middle vs lowest	2.1 (0.5, 3.7)	0.010	0.6 (0.2, 1.0)	0.001	3.0 (0.3, 5.7)	0.030
Highest vs lowest	−1.2 (−2.9, 0.4)	0.132	−0.2 (−0.6, 0.1)	0.201	−0.7 (−3.5, 2.1)	0.620

AME average marginal effect
^aAdjusting for age, self-rated health, smoking status and BMI status. Missing categories as additional category. AMEs evaluated at fixed values of the confounders: for persons aged 35–44 years with very good/good health, never being a regular smoker, and having a normal-weight (BMI 18.5–24.9 kg/m²)

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