Table 2 Bivariate analysis of covariates with male caregiver-adolescent dyads
|  | None | IPV ‘Only’ | VAC ‘Only’ | IPV and VAC | p |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
n = 66 | n = 20 | n = 67 | n = 51 |  | |
Caregiver Report | |||||
 Age, mean (SD) | 49.68 (14.42) | 45.35 (9.78) | 44.22 (11.27) | 45.69 (9.62) | 0.06 |
Education, % (n) | |||||
 Primary | 68.75 (44) | 66.67 (12) | 73.85 (48) | 80.39 (41) | 0.49 |
 High School or more | 31.25 (20) | 33.33 (6) | 26.15 (17) | 19.61 (10) |  |
Religion, % (n) | |||||
 Catholic/Christian | 84.85 (56) | 75 (15) | 79.1 (53) | 78.43 (40) | 0.71 |
 Muslim | 15.15 (10) | 25 (5) | 20.9 (14) | 21.57 (11) |  |
SES, mean (SD) | −0.06 (0.24) | 0.06 (0.27) | 0 (0.22) | 0 (0.27) | 0.28 |
Mental distress (SRQ), mean (SD) | 3.97 (3.71) | 5.45 (4.36) | 5.07 (3.73) | 6.43 (3.96) | 0.01 |
Alcohol, median (min-max)a | 0 (0–5) | 0 (0–6) | 0 (0–6) | 0 (0–6) | 0.10 |
Partner Living Status, % (n) | |||||
 Do not live together | 6.06 (4) | 5 (1) | 4.48 (3) | 1.96 (1) | 0.76 |
 Live together | 93.94 (62) | 95 (19) | 95.52 (64) | 98.04 (50) |  |
 Intimate Partner Emotional Attachment, mean (SD) | 15.38 (3.17) | 14.68 (3.02) | 14.66 (3.12) | 13.86 (2.41) | 0.07 |
 Attitudes toward VAC, mean (SD) | 12 (3.16) | 14.25 (3.37) | 12.66 (3.78) | 15.39 (4.2) | 0.00 |
Adolescent Report | |||||
Sex, % (n) | |||||
 Female | 40.91 (27) | 50 (10) | 61.19 (41) | 43.14 (22) | 0.09 |
 Male | 59.09 (39) | 50 (10) | 38.81 (26) | 56.86 (29) |  |
 Children age, mean (SD) | 14.08 (1.21) | 14.5 (1.28) | 13.99 (1.24) | 14.35 (0.98) | 0.18 |
Physical disability, % (n) | |||||
 No | 75.76 (50) | 85 (17) | 83.58 (56) | 82.35 (42) | 0.63 |
 Yes | 24.24 (16) | 15 (3) | 16.42 (11) | 17.65 (9) |  |
Family Structure, % (n) | |||||
 Lives with bio mother | 31.82 (21) | 35 (7) | 25.37 (17) | 31.37 (16) | 0.96 |
 Lives with bio father | 9.09 (6) | 10 (2) | 5.97 (4) | 7.84 (4) |  |
 Lives with both bio parents | 27.27 (18) | 25 (5) | 38.81 (26) | 31.37 (16) |  |
 Lives with neither bio parent | 31.82 (21) | 30 (6) | 29.85 (20) | 29.41 (15) |  |
 Mental health difficulties (SDQ), mean (SD) | 14.58 (5.05) | 14.91 (5.62) | 14.88 (5.18) | 14.28 (5.01) | 0.711 |
 Belong, mean (SD) | 14.88 (4.8) | 13.8 (3.19) | 14.28 (4.68) | 14.12 (4.87) | 0.74 |
Study arm, % (n) | |||||
 Control | 45.45 (30) | 35.00 (7) | 62.69 (42) | 43.14 (22) | 0.07 |
 Intervention | 54.55 (36) | 65.00 (13) | 37.31 (25) | 56.86 (29) |  |