Longitudinal associations between cardiorespiratory fitness and stress-related exhaustion, depression, anxiety and sleep disturbances

Table 2 Baseline data by level of cardiorespiratory fitness (n = 79)

	Low fitness (n = 20)			Medium fitness (n = 26)			High fitness (n = 33)
Characteristics	N	Median	IQR	N	Median	IQR	N	Median	IQR	p-value
Age, yrs.	20	39	7.0	26	43	8.0	33	48	10	0.001^a
Education	20			26			32			0.03^b
high, % (n)		45% [9]			65% [17]			81% [27]
slow, % (n)		55% [11]			35% [9]			19% [5]
Body mass index (BMI)	20	25.5	5.1	26	24.1	3.0	33	23.1	3.8	0.01^a
Current smokers/nicotine users, % (n)	20	10% [2]		26	12% [3]		32	19% [6]		0.65^b
AUDIT score	20	3.0	2.5	26	2.0	3.0	33	2.0	2.0	0.60^a
Symptom duration, % (n)	19			26			32			0.27^b
≥ 1 year		37% [7]			46% [12]			59% [19]
< 1 year		63% [12]			54% [14]			41% [13]
Use of antidepressants, % (n)	20	35% [7]		26	27% [7]		33	30% [10]		0.91^b
KSQ insomnia index	17	2.8	0.8	24	3.0	1.3	31	2.8	2.3	0.51^a
KSQ sleepiness index	16	4.2	1.4	23	4.0	1.2	29	4.4	0.6	0.24^a
KSQ premature awakening index	18	2.8	2.0	24	2.5	2.0	30	3.2	1.3	0.85^a
KSQ single item, “poor sleep” quality, % (n)	18	83% [15]		23	52% [12]		30	67% [20]		0.12^b
HADS depression sum score	20	10	7.0	26	9.5	9.0	33	9.0	5.0	0.57^a
HADS anxiety sum score	20	13	6.0	26	13	5.0	33	11	7.0	0.69^a
SMBQ sum score	18	5.6	1.0	25	6.0	1.5	32	5.5	1.0	0.51^a
SMBQ > 4.4, % (n)	18	100% [18]		25	88% [22]		32	97% [31]		0.21^b

^aKruskal-Wallis test; ^bFisher’s exact test. AUDIT = Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test; HADS = Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale; KSQ = Karolinska Sleep Questionnaire; SMBQ = Shirom-Melamed Burnout Questionnaire

ISSN: 1471-2458