Variable | 2010 | 2015 | Adjusted differenceb 2015–2010 | P Interaction | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
na | Mean | SE | P value | na | Mean | SE | P value | |||
Sex |  |  |  | 0.375 |  |  |  | 0.014 |  | < 0.0001 |
 Male | 5154 | 0.66 | 0.02 |  | 6753 | 0.29 | 0.04 |  | −0.40 (− 0.46, − 0.34) |  |
 Female | 4996 | 0.68 | 0.02 |  | 6490 | 0.35 | 0.04 |  | − 0.34 (− 0.40, − 0.28) |  |
Age group (y) |  |  |  | < 0.0001 |  |  |  | < 0.0001 |  | < 0.0001 |
 Children (5–10) | 3794 | 0.53 | 0.02 |  | 4627 | 0.21 | 0.04 |  | −0.36 (− 0.43, − 0.30) |  |
 Teenagers (11–17) | 6356 | 0.75 | 0.02 |  | 8616 | 0.41 | 0.04 |  | −0.37 (− 0.44, − 0.31) |  |
Age (y) |  |  |  | < 0.0001 |  |  |  | < 0.0001 |  | < 0.0001 |
 5–8 | 2481 | 0.51 | 0.02 |  | 3274 | 0.21 | 0.05 |  | −0.35 (− 0.42, − 0.28) |  |
 9–11 | 1949 | 0.57 | 0.03 |  | 2090 | 0.25 | 0.04 |  | − 0.36 (− 0.44, − 0.28) |  |
 12–15 | 3480 | 0.78 | 0.02 |  | 5064 | 0.44 | 0.04 |  | −0.38 (− 0.46, − 0.31) |  |
 16–17 | 1880 | 0.74 | 0.03 |  | 2815 | 0.40 | 0.04 |  | −0.36 (− 0.45, − 0.28) |  |
Stunting (Height/Age) |  |  |  | < 0.0001 |  |  |  | < 0.0001 |  | < 0.0001 |
 No | 8820 | 0.69 | 0.01 |  | 12,010 | 0.34 | 0.04 |  | −0.37 (− 0.42, − 030) |  |
 Yes (Z < -2) | 1324 | 0.51 | 0.04 |  | 1227 | 0.08 | 0.05 |  | −0.42 (− 0.54, − 0.31) |  |
Nutritional status (BMI)c |  |  |  | 0.068 |  |  |  | 0.728 |  | < 0.0001 |
 No | 4190 | 0.79 | 0.02 |  | 11,075 | 0.33 | 0.04 |  | −0.40 (− 0.47, − 0.33) |  |
 Overweight (≥25) | 736 | 0.74 | 0.05 |  | 1691 | 0.27 | 0.03 |  | −0.43 (− 0.54, − 031) |  |
 Obesity (≥30) | 201 | 0.65 | 0.08 |  | 477 | 0.37 | 0.09 |  | −0.31 (− 0.51, − 0.10) |  |
Household food insecurity |  |  |  | < 0.0001 |  |  |  | 0.186 |  | < 0.0001 |
 No | 3004 | 0.82 | 0.02 |  | 4108 | 0.37 | 0.04 |  | −0.46 (− 0.53, − 038) |  |
 Light | 3768 | 0.63 | 0.02 |  | 4686 | 0.30 | 0.04 |  | −0.36 (− 0.43, − 0.30) |  |
 Moderate | 1973 | 0.56 | 0.03 |  | 2512 | 0.37 | 0.04 |  | −0.31 (− 0.39, − 0.22) |  |
 Severe | 1393 | 0.52 | 0.04 |  | 1937 | 0.31 | 0.08 |  | − 0.26 (−0.40, − 012) |  |
Wealth index quintile |  |  |  | < 0.0001 |  |  |  | < 0.0001 |  | < 0.0001 |
 1- poorest | 3595 | 0.33 | 0.02 |  | 2839 | −0.05 | 0.04 |  | −0.33 (− 0.41, − 025) |  |
 2 | 2462 | 0.58 | 0.03 |  | 2794 | 0.25 | 0.05 |  | −0.30 (− 0.39, − 0.20) |  |
 3 | 1815 | 0.82 | 0.03 |  | 2762 | 0.36 | 0.03 |  | −0.38 (− 0.46, − 0.29) |  |
 4 | 1303 | 0.82 | 0.03 |  | 2525 | 0.45 | 0.04 |  | −0.35 (− 0.43, − 0.26) |  |
 5- wealthiest | 975 | 0.93 | 0.04 |  | 2323 | 0.44 | 0.05 |  | −0.48 (− 0.59, − 0.37) |  |
Ethnicity |  |  |  | < 0.0001 |  |  |  | 0.170 |  | 0.003 |
 Mestizo | 7702 | 0.68 | 0.02 |  | 10,620 | 0.32 | 0.04 |  | −0.38 (− 0.43. -0.33) |  |
 Black/Afro | 1103 | 0.74 | 0.04 |  | 1393 | −0.14 | 0.06 |  | −0.71 (− 0.82, − 0.59) |  |
 Indigenous | 1234 | 0.16 | 0.05 |  | 1125 | 0.55 | 0.06 |  | 0.20 (0.05, 0.35) |  |
Area |  |  |  | < 0.0001 |  |  |  | < 0.0001 |  | < 0.0001 |
 Urban | 6549 | 0.82 | 0.02 |  | 9723 | 0.44 | 0.04 |  | −0.39 (− 0.45, − 032) |  |
 Rurald | 3601 | 0.28 | 0.02 |  | 3520 | −0.01 | 0.03 |  | −0.30 (− 0.37, − 0.22) |  |
Region |  |  |  | 0.499 |  |  |  | 0.287 |  | < 0.0001 |
 Central | 2335 | 0.70 | 0.03 |  | 3189 | 0.40 | 0.11 |  | −0.35 (− 0.52, − 0.19) |  |
 Atlantic | 2292 | 0.76 | 0.03 |  | 2410 | 0.36 | 0.05 |  | −0.45 (− 0.54, − 0.36) |  |
 Oriental | 1481 | 0.57 | 0.03 |  | 2272 | 0.23 | 0.04 |  | −0.42 (− 0.50, − 0.33) |  |
 Pacific | 1406 | 0.43 | 0.03 |  | 1659 | 0.27 | 0.11 |  | −0.18 (− 0.34, − 0.02) |  |
 BogotĂ¡ | 524 | 0.94 | 0.04 |  | 877 | 0.37 | −0.00 |  | − 0.58 (− 0.66, − 0.49) |  |
 National territories | 2112 | 0.38 | 0.03 |  | 2836 | 0.02 | 0.04 |  | −0.42 (− 0.51, − 0.33) |  |