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Table 2 Tobacco use by gender among PLWH who drink heavily in South Africa

From: Tobacco use and nicotine dependence among people living with HIV who drink heavily in South Africa: a cross-sectional baseline study

Variable (n)

Male % (CI)

Female % (CI)

Total

p*

Ever smoking (N = 623)a

   

< 0.001

 Yes (274)

71.3 (65.6–76.5)

23.7 (19.6–28.4)

44.0 (40.1–47.9)

 

 No (349)

28.7 (23.5–34.4)

76.3 (71.5–80.4)

56.0 (52.1–59.9)

 

Age of first try (N = 264)b

   

0.152

 6–15 years (59)

26.1 (20.2–32.7)

13.2 (7.0–22.1)

22.4 (17.6–27.7)

 

 16–20 years (121)

44.2 (37.2–51.3)

50.0 (38.9–61.1)

45.8 (39.9–51.9)

 

 21–25 years (53)

18.1 (13.1–24.1)

25.0 (16.3–35.5)

20.1 (15.6–25.2)

 

 26–30 years (20)

6.9 (3.9–11.2)

9.2 (4.2–17.2)

7.6 (4.8–11.2)

 

 31+ years (11)

4.8 (2.4–8.5)

2.6 (0.6–8.2)

4.2 (2.2–7.1)

 

Current cigarette smoking (N = 623)a

   

< 0.001

 Yes (170)

52.1 (46.1–58.0)

8.9 (6.4–12.4)

27.3 (23.9–30.9)

 

 No (453)

47.9 (42.0–54.0)

91.1 (87.6–93.6)

72.7 (69.1–76.1)

 

Nicotine dependence (N = 170)c

   

0.096

 Minimally dependent (106)

59.1 (50.7–67.1)

75.0 (57.3–87.1)

62.1 (54.7–69.2)

 

 Moderately/Highly dependent (64)

40.9 (32.9–49.4)

25.0 (13.0–42.7)

37.9 (30.8–45.3)

 

Ever snuff use (N = 623)a

   

< 0.001

 Yes (159)

7.2 (4.5–10.8)

39.1 (34.2–44.2)

25.5 (22.2–29.1)

 

 No (464)

92.8 (89.3–95.5)

60.9 (55.8–65.8)

74.4 (71.0–77.8)

 

Current snuff use (N = 623)a

   

< 0.001

 Yes (119)

1.1 (0.3–3.0)

32.4 (27.7–37.4)

19.1 (16.2–22.3)

 

 No (504)

98.9 (97.0–99.7)

67.6 (62.6–72.3)

80.9 (77.7–83.8)

 

Dual Tobacco use (N = 623)a

   

0.198

 Yes (6)

0.4 (0.1–2.6)

1.4 (0.6–3.3)

1.0 (0.4–2.0)

 

Any tobacco product Use (N = 623)a

   

0.001

 Yes (294)

52.8 (46.8–58.8)

39.9 (35.0–45.1)

45.4 (41.5–49.3)

 

 No (329)

47.2 (41.2–53.2)

60.1 (54.9–65.0)

54.6 (50.7–58.5)

 
  1. abaseline: overall sample
  2. bbaseline: ever smokers
  3. cbaseline: current smokers
  4. *Chi Square test with p significant at ≤ .05