Table 1 An overview of the content and BCTs employed within the multicomponent intervention.* BCTs as described in Michie, Ashford, et al. [27]
Strategy | Level | Behaviour Change Strategies / Content |
|---|---|---|
Phone call 1 (baseline - time 0) | Individual | Motivational Interviewing* – phone calls conducted according to motivational interviewing principles of engaging, guiding and evoking Providing information of consequences of physical activity and sedentary behaviour* – discussed the health risks of sedentary behaviour and the benefits of physical activity Barrier identification* – participants were asked if they could anticipate any barriers with using their sit-stand workstation. Challenges were discussed and minimised where possible |
Management email 1 (2 weeks) | Organisational | Content: organisation wish to create a ‘healthy’ working environment, sit-stand workstations potentially create a healthier working environment |
Sit-stand workstation installation, ergonomic briefing (3 weeks) | Environmental | Environmental restructuring* – usual seated desks converted into, or replaced by sit-stand desks (Ergotron workfit-A or workfit-D) Model / demonstrate the behaviour* – A researcher physically demonstrated how to use the sit-stand desk Provide instruction on how to perform the behaviour* – A researcher verbally provided instructions on how to use the sit-stand desk |
Phone call 2 (5 weeks) | Individual | Motivational Interviewing* - phone calls conducted according to motivational interviewing principles of engaging, guiding and evoking Barrier identification* - participants were asked if they experienced any barriers with using their sit-stand workstation. Challenges were discussed and minimised where possible Provide instruction on how to perform the behaviour* – Participants were given tips on ‘how to stand’ including: regular switching between sitting and standing, taking breaks from the computer, wearing comfortable footwear, and correct posture Goal setting (outcome or behaviour)* – Participants were given the opportunity to set goals of their choice (e.g. reducing sitting by 2 h a day) |
Management email 2 (8 weeks) | Organisational | Content: physical and psychological health of employees is a priority for the organisation, a poster providing information on how using sit-stand workstation (and reducing sedentary behaviour and increasing physical activity) could benefit health at work |
Phone call 3 (12 weeks) | Individual | Motivational interviewing* - phone calls conducted according to motivational interviewing principles of engaging, guiding and evoking Prompt review of (behavioural or outcome) goals* – Where set, participants were asked whether they had met their goals Prompt self-monitoring of behaviour / Prompt practice* – participants were advised to prompt and monitor their behaviour using a method of their choice |
Management email 3 (16 weeks) | Organisational | Content: development of healthy work environment can lead to healthier workforce and organisational improvements including improved productivity and enhanced outcomes, the philosophy of the organisation is aligned with Governmental workplace health policies |
Phone call 4 (21 weeks) | Individual | Motivational interviewing* - phone calls conducted according to motivational interviewing principles of engaging, guiding and evoking Relapse prevention* – A discussion of how participants can avoid ‘breaking the habit’ of using their sit-stand desk, especially after spending prolonged time away from the workplace / desk Prompt generalisation of a target behaviour* – A discussion of how to incorporate less sedentary behaviour and more physical activity into other areas of life and work activities |
Management email 4 (6 months) | Organisational | Content: societal shift towards reducing prolonged sitting in the workplace, organisation as a pioneer of this societal shift, encouragement for participants to advocate the approach |