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Table 1 Characteristics of the included studies (N = 39) and the interventions they studied. An extended table (Additional file 2) is available in an online annex. [RCT = Randomized controlled trial; NRS=Non-randomized controlled study]

From: The effectiveness of workplace nutrition and physical activity interventions in improving productivity, work performance and workability: a systematic review

CategoriesVariableNumber of studies
Level of interventionEnvironmental4 [29, 30, 34, 57]
Multi-level: Organizational & Individual14 [31, 33, 36, 40, 42, 43, 50, 51, 53,54,55, 60, 65, 66]
Multi-level: Environmental & Individual10 [32, 35, 37,38,39, 56, 58, 62,63,64]
Multi-level: Environmental, Organizational & Individual11 [41, 44,45,46,47,48,49, 52, 59, 61, 67]
Behavioral target of interventionPhysical Activity & Nutrition16 [40, 42,43,44,45,46,47,48,49,50, 52, 55, 56, 60, 63, 64]
Physical activity22 [29,30,31,32, 34,35,36,37,38,39, 41, 51, 53, 54, 57,58,59, 61, 62, 65,66,67]
Nutrition1 [33]
ContinentAustralia4 [29, 38, 59, 61]
USA18 [30, 31, 33, 37, 39, 40, 42,43,44, 46,47,48, 50, 52, 55, 56, 60, 62]
Europe17 [32, 34,35,36, 41, 45, 49, 51, 53, 54, 57, 58, 63,64,65,66,67]
Sector/ industryHealth care provider or insurance9 [33, 35, 36, 40, 46, 51, 65,66,67]
Services & administration10 [29,30,31, 37, 41, 53, 54, 56, 57, 61]
Manufacturing4 [44, 49, 50, 52]
Communication2 [38, 60]
Education1 [43]
Multiple sectors13 [32, 34, 39, 42, 45, 47, 48, 55, 58, 59, 62,63,64]
Type of studyRCT19 [30,31,32, 35,36,37, 39, 41, 42, 51, 55,56,57,58, 61,62,63,64, 66]
NRS20 [29, 33, 34, 38, 40, 43,44,45,46,47,48,49,50, 52,53,54, 59, 60, 65, 67]
Intervention duration>  12 weeks4 [31, 35, 39, 59]
>  12 months10 [29, 32, 34, 37, 38, 40, 53, 54, 58, 61]
≤ 12 months22 [30, 36, 41,42,43,44, 46,47,48,49,50,51,52, 55, 56, 60, 62,63,64,65,66,67]
Not stated3 [33, 45, 57]
Work-related outcomesAbsenteeism14 [43,44,45,46,47,48,49,50,51,52,53,54,55,56]
Work performance5 [29,30,31,32,33]
Workability3 [34,35,36]
Productivity6 [37,38,39,40,41,42]
Multiple work-related outcomes11 [57,58,59,60,61,62,63,64,65,66,67]
Measurement of work-related outcomesObjective measurement12 [30, 31, 33, 43,44,45,46,47,48,49,50,51]
Subjective measurement22 [29, 32, 34,35,36,37, 39,40,41,42, 52,53,54,55,56, 58,59,60,61, 64, 65, 67]
Both objective & subjective measurement5 [38, 57, 62, 63, 66]
Other outcomesHealth-related or other outcomes25 [29, 30, 32, 34, 36,37,38,39,40,41,42,43,44, 49, 53, 54, 56, 58,59,60,61, 63,64,65, 67]
Not stated14 [31, 33, 35, 45,46,47,48, 50,51,52, 55, 57, 62, 66]
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