Nutrition variables | Categories | Control | SG-intervention (SG) | Combined intervention (SG+) | Effect of SG-intervention (95% CI) | p-value | Effect of combined intervention (95% CI) | p-value | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Baseline (n = 313) | End-line (n = 313) | Baseline (n = 172) | End-line (n = 172) | Baseline (197) | End-line (n = 197) | ||||||
Self-reported daily requirement of frequency of fruit and vegetable consumptiona | 0 | 34 (10.9) | 0 (0.0) | 29 (16.9) | 0 (0.0) | 17 (8.6) | 0 (0.0) | 0.15 (−0.33–0.63)c | 0.55 | 0.15 (−0.32–0.63)c | 0.53 |
1 | 7 (2.2) | 64 (20.5) | 7 (4.1) | 25 (14.5) | 11 (5.6) | 28 (14.2) | |||||
2 | 20 (6.4) | 166 (53.0) | 18 (10.5) | 98 (57.0) | 19 (9.6) | 120 (60.9) | |||||
3 | 117 (37.4) | 0 (0.0) | 68 (39.5) | 0 (0.0) | 98 (49.8) | 0 (0.0) | |||||
4 | 101 (32.3) | 0 (0.0) | 29 (16.9) | 0 (0.0) | 38 (19.3) | 0 (0.0) | |||||
≥5 | 34 (10.9) | 83 (26.5) | 21 (12.2) | 49 (28.5) | 14 (7.1) | 49 (24.9) | |||||
Opinion about fruits and vegetables consumptionsa,b | 0 | 24 (7.7) | 27 (8.6) | 15 (8.7) | 11 (6.4) | 20 (10.1) | 3 (1.5) | 0.07 (−0.12–0.25)c | 0.48 | 0.21 (0.02–0.39)d | 0.03 |
1 | 58 (18.5) | 12 (3.8) | 61 (35.5) | 0 (0.0) | 38 (19.3) | 0 (0.0) | |||||
2 | 231 (73.8) | 274 (87.5) | 96 (55.8) | 161 (93.6) | 139 (70.6) | 194 (98.5) | |||||
Consumption of green vegetables prior to day of survey | 123 (39.3) | 177 (56.5) | 50 (29.1) | 98 (57.0) | 87 (44.2) | 102 (51.8) | 0.70 (0.10–4.86)d | 0.72 | 0.76 (0.10–5.89)-d | 0.80 | |
Heard about malnutrition | 83 (26.5) | 213 (68.0) | 44 (25.6) | 122 (70.9) | 87 (44.2) | 174 (88.3) | 1.48 (0.85–2.57)d | 0.17 | 6.08 (3.01–12.3)d | < 0.001 | |
Perception of malnutrition as a problem | 67 (21.4) | 189 (88.7) | 34 (19.8) | 115 (94.3) | 73 (37.1) | 165 (94.3) | 2.19 (0.26–18.6)d | 0.47 | 2.51 (0.34–18.5)d | 0.37 | |
Responses related to the causes of malnutrition | Disease | 0 (0.0) | 44 (14.1) | 0 (0.0) | 3 (1.7) | 2 (1.0) | 5 (2.5) | 0.09 (0.005–1.58)d | 0.10 | 0.12 (0.01–1.43)d | 0.09 |
Lack of food | 19 (6.1) | 95 (30.3) | 11 (6.4) | 36 (20.9) | 11 (5.6) | 63 (32.0) | 2.53 (0.47–13.5)d | 0.28 | 1.10 (0.20–5.95)d | 0.91 | |
Irregular meal | 19 (6.1) | 108 (34.5) | 14 (8.1) | 46 (26.7) | 30 (15.2) | 83 (42.1) | 2.06 (0.49–8.62)d | 0.32 | 0.36 (0.08–1.77)d | 0.21 | |
Poorly prepared food | 2 (0.6) | 47 (15.0) | 1 (0.6) | 14 (8.1) | 3 (1.5) | 19 (9.6) | 0.28 (0.08–1.02)d | 0.05 | 0.80 (0.26–2.45)d | 0.70 | |
Lack of means to afford good food | 3 (1.0) | 36 (11.5) | 0 (0.0) | 10 (5.8) | 5 (2.5) | 24 (12.2) | 0.58 (0.12–2.75)d | 0.50 | 1.90 (0.45–8.10)d | 0.39 | |
Heard about anaemia | 128 (63.4) | 122 (60.1) | 49 (24.3) | 36 (17.7) | 25 (12.4) | 45 (22.2) | 0.52 (0.27–1.00)d | 0.05 | 0.46 (0.24–0.87)d | 0.02 | |
Heard about night blindness | 126 (55.7) | 156 (54.2) | 62 (27.4 | 71 (24.6) | 38 (16.8) | 61 (21.2) | 0.98 (0.23–4.07)d | 0.97 | 0.52 (0.13–2.13)d | 0.36 | |
Heard about intestinal parasitic infections | 50 (37.6) | 199 (57.3) | 42 (31.6) | 66 (19.0) | 41 (30.8) | 82 (23.6) | 0.26 (0.07–0.92)d | 0.04 | 0.68 (0.18–2.63)d | 0.58 | |
Dietary diversity scorea | 1 | 2 (0.6) | 28 (9.0) | 2 (1.2) | 24 (14.0) | 0 (0.0) | 14 (7.1) | −0.67 (−1.58–0.24)c | 0.15 | −0.30 (−1.22–0.63)c | 0.53 |
2 | 30 (9.6) | 33 (10.5) | 26 (15.1) | 27 (15.7) | 11 (5.6) | 25 (12.7) | |||||
3 | 106 (33.9) | 32 (10.2) | 53 (30.8) | 21 (12.2) | 50 (25.4) | 21 (10.7) | |||||
4 | 109 (34.8) | 29 (9.3) | 53 (30.8) | 21 (12.2) | 72 (36.6) | 22 (11.2) | |||||
5 | 50 (16.0) | 30 (9.6) | 32 (18.6) | 22 (12.8) | 49 (24.9) | 29 (14.7) | |||||
6 | 15 (4.8) | 27 (8.6) | 5 (2.9) | 20 (11.6) | 14 (7.1) | 29 (14.7) | |||||
7 | 1 (0.3) | 29 (9.3) | 0 (0.0) | 13 (7.6) | 1 (0.5) | 34 (17.3) | |||||
8 | 0 (0.0) | 44 (14.1) | 1 (0.6) | 13 (7.6) | 0 (0.0) | 19 (9.6) | |||||
9 | 0 (0.0) | 61 (19.5) | 0 (0.0) | 11 (6.4) | 0 (0.0) | 4 (2.0) |