| Country | 8+ Antenatal Visit | Use of Modern Contraception for Women in Union |
|---|
| Yes | Quantile | Concentration Index | Yes | Quantile | Concentration Index |
|---|
| % | 1 & 2 | 4 & 5 | Rank | CI | p-value | % | 1 & 2 | 4 & 5 | Rank | CI | p-value |
|---|
| Angola | 6.23 | 26.31 | 48.09 | 13 | 0.3382 | 0.000 | 8.86 | 9.55 | 73.25 | 30 | 0.5002 | 0.000 |
| Benin | 10.23 | 17.04 | 68.72 | 20 | 0.4577 | 0.000 | 7.37 | 28.80 | 49.14 | 18 | 0.1984 | 0.000 |
| Burkina-Faso | 0.31 | 3.13 | 87.50 | 29 | 0.7484 | 0.000 | 15.48 | 19.83 | 66.38 | 23 | 0.3360 | 0.000 |
| Burundi | 0.41 | 15.00 | 80.00 | 25 | 0.5117 | 0.000 | 18.42 | 27.25 | 55.83 | 14 | 0.1189 | 0.000 |
| Cameroun | 7.81 | 13.85 | 69.60 | 19 | 0.4431 | 0.000 | 14.20 | 15.87 | 64.44 | 25 | 0.3527 | 0.000 |
| Chad | 0.90 | 24.49 | 66.33 | 17 | 0.3773 | 0.000 | 3.03 | 24.81 | 58.97 | 21 | 0.2591 | 0.000 |
| CIV | 3.12 | 13.69 | 76.78 | 27 | 0.6033 | 0.000 | 11.41 | 31.93 | 49.46 | 20 | 0.2241 | 0.000 |
| Comoros | 13.53 | 28.21 | 49.57 | 6 | 0.1903 | 0.000 | 13.55 | 30.50 | 50.45 | 7 | 0.0674 | 0.012 |
| Congo | 3.44 | 44.34 | 43.43 | 14 | 0.3413 | 0.000 | 16.12 | 50.00 | 33.82 | 17 | 0.1862 | 0.000 |
| DRC | 2.59 | 47.42 | 36.08 | 1 | 0.0371 | 0.175 | 6.35 | 23.16 | 62.79 | 24 | 0.3438 | 0.000 |
| Ethiopia | 3.55 | 11.77 | 84.31 | 28 | 0.6166 | 0.000 | 29.38 | 44.85 | 41.32 | 15 | 0.1526 | 0.000 |
| Gabon | 6.77 | 36.10 | 46.20 | 12 | 0.3036 | 0.000 | 15.56 | 48.58 | 32.21 | 10 | 0.0893 | 0.000 |
| Gambia | 4.74 | 40.00 | 43.92 | 7 | 0.2067 | 0.000 | 7.49 | 29.40 | 55.90 | 22 | 0.2760 | 0.000 |
| Ghana | 28.84 | 32.23 | 47.16 | 10 | 0.2531 | 0.000 | 22.51 | 48.69 | 30.94 | 2 | −0.0254 | 0.082 |
| Guinea | 8.86 | 17.01 | 69.85 | 18 | 0.4417 | 0.000 | 3.35 | 18.06 | 66.96 | 26 | 0.3551 | 0.000 |
| Kenya | 2.71 | 23.02 | 62.63 | 23 | 0.4902 | 0.000 | 47.18 | 33.46 | 43.77 | 9 | 0.0888 | 0.000 |
| Lesotho | 11.80 | 26.98 | 53.62 | 11 | 0.2999 | 0.000 | 59.27 | 35.20 | 44.93 | 5 | 0.0487 | 0.000 |
| Liberia | 21.92 | 50.63 | 27.84 | 4 | 0.1334 | 0.000 | 18.62 | 50.45 | 25.32 | 11 | 0.1096 | 0.000 |
| Malawi | 1.40 | 40.11 | 39.58 | 2 | 0.0749 | 0.121 | 57.89 | 35.10 | 45.06 | 1 | 0.0215 | 0.000 |
| Mali | 4.98 | 16.31 | 70.70 | 15 | 0.3548 | 0.000 | 10.46 | 15.21 | 74.51 | 27 | 0.3948 | 0.000 |
| Namibia | 25.91 | 29.26 | 49.75 | 5 | 0.1728 | 0.000 | 55.44 | 30.93 | 48.40 | 8 | 0.0691 | 0.000 |
| Niger | 0.20 | 6.67 | 53.33 | 8 | 0.2163 | 0.037 | 10.28 | 11.15 | 79.55 | 28 | 0.4234 | 0.000 |
| Nigeria | 25.78 | 12.06 | 69.28 | 21 | 0.4728 | 0.000 | 9.47 | 10.22 | 71.93 | 29 | 0.4793 | 0.000 |
| Rwanda | 0.07 | 0.00 | 100.00 | 30 | 0.9193 | 0.000 | 47.45 | 37.11 | 42.95 | 3 | 0.0258 | 0.000 |
| Senegal | 0.77 | 42.85 | 44.76 | 16 | 0.3730 | 0.000 | 19.31 | 40.99 | 33.94 | 16 | 0.1720 | 0.000 |
| Sierra-Leone | 42.73 | 36.32 | 45.21 | 3 | 0.0818 | 0.000 | 15.09 | 27.92 | 56.75 | 19 | 0.2109 | 0.000 |
| Tanzania | 0.91 | 14.06 | 75.00 | 26 | 0.5245 | 0.000 | 29.00 | 28.97 | 50.66 | 12 | 0.1097 | 0.000 |
| Togo | 2.72 | 22.05 | 70.59 | 22 | 0.4856 | 0.000 | 17.23 | 44.43 | 37.40 | 6 | 0.0591 | 0.000 |
| Zambia | 0.86 | 22.50 | 58.75 | 24 | 0.4998 | 0.000 | 43.10 | 31.67 | 45.40 | 13 | 0.1186 | 0.000 |
| Zimbabwe | 12.34 | 22.01 | 64.54 | 9 | 0.2441 | 0.000 | 66.12 | 31.30 | 53.58 | 4 | 0.0373 | 0.000 |
| West Africa | 9.76 | 16.50 | 65.97 | | 0.5865 | 0.000 | 13.08 | 27.93 | 53.83 | | 0.2404 | 0.000 |
| East & Central Africa | 3.22 | 20.18 | 66.07 | | 0.5520 | 0.000 | 27.73 | 31.71 | 47.70 | | 0.2108 | 0.000 |
| Southern Africa | 5.96 | 27.48 | 54.20 | | 0.4144 | 0.000 | 55.39 | 33.37 | 46.99 | | 0.0686 | 0.000 |
| Sub-Saharan Africa | 7.07 | 18.80 | 64.06 | | 0.5475 | 0.000 | 25.62 | 31.42 | 48.97 | | 0.1067 | 0.000 |
- Source: Author’s calculation based on DHS data
