Table 5 Association between social engagement and unhealthy lifestyle behaviors as well as subjective well-being across six countries (unadjusted logistic regression models)
| Â | China OR (95% CI) | Russia OR (95% CI) | India OR (95% CI) | Ghana OR (95% CI) | South Africa OR (95% CI) | Mexico OR (95% CI) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Tobacco and alcohol use and diet | ||||||
Tobacco use (Ref: not current smokers) | 1.45 (1.25–1.69) | 1.20 (0.84–1.72) | 1.36 (1.15–1.62) | 0.81 (0.72–0.93) | 0.63 (0.50–0.80) | 1.26 (0.64–2.48) |
Harmful drinking (Ref: < 14 standard drinks/week) | 1.75 (1.43–2.15) | 1.03 (0.56–1.92) | 2.58 (1.55–4.29) | 1.53 (1.20–1.97) | 0.80 (0.45–1.43) | 0.43 (0.07–2.56) |
Low fruit and vegetable intake (Ref: ≥ 5 serves/day) | 0.41 (0.30–0.55) | 0.49 (0.36–0.66) | 0.42 (0.35–0.50) | 1.22 (1.08–1.39) | 0.84 (0.66–1.06) | 0.75 (0.35–1.59) |
Activity-related behaviors | ||||||
Physical inactivity (Ref: ≥ 600 MET-minutes/week) | 0.55 (0.41–0.72) | 0.15 (0.09–0.27) | 0.43 (0.36–0.51) | 0.32 (0.28–0.37) | 0.67 (0.53–0.84) | 0.44 (0.27–0.71) |
Prolonged sitting time (Ref: ≤ 7 hours/day) | 0.79 (0.63–0.99) | 1.52 (0.94–2.46) | 0.95 (0.79–1.14) | 0.79 (0.67–0.92) | 0.42 (0.23–0.75) | 0.64 (0.29–1.39) |
Unhealthy sleep time (Ref: 7–9 hours/day) | 0.65 (0.56–0.76) | 0.65 (0.48–0.88) | 0.89 (0.73–1.09) | 0.73 (0.64–0.83) | 1.00 (0.82–1.22) | – |
Subjective well-being | ||||||
Perceived depression (Ref: not perceived depression) | 0.72 (0.59–0.89) | 0.36 (0.26–0.51) | 0.68 (0.59–0.79) | 0.98 (0.87–1.12) | 1.04 (0.84–1.30) | 0.58 (0.38–0.88) |
Poor self-rated health (Ref: moderate and good self-rated health) | 0.64 (0.53–0.76) | 0.22 (0.13–0.37) | 0.52 (0.43–0.62) | 0.41 (0.35–0.48) | 0.64 (0.49–0.85) | 0.38 (0.16–0.91) |
Low quality of life (Ref: high quality of life) | 0.48 (0.39–0.59) | 0.22 (0.14–0.35) | 0.36 (0.30–0.45) | 0.47 (0.41–0.54) | 0.68 (0.54–0.86) | 0.27 (0.11–0.69) |