Table 4 Overview of change methods
| Â | Â | Benzies & Batchies | Boys |
| Â | Â | used in the program | |
Basic methods at the individual level | |||
 • Persuasive communication | Use arguments to guide students toward an attitude or action | √ | √ |
 • Active learning | Encourage students to learn from activity-based experience | √ | √ |
 • Modeling | Provide an appropriate model | √ | √ |
 • Feedback | Give the students information on the extent to which they are accomplishing learning or performance | √ | √ |
Methods to change attitudes, beliefs | |||
 • Self-reevaluation | Encourage students to combine cognitive and affective assessments of their self-image with and without the desired behavior | √ | – |
 • Arguments | Use a set of one or more meaningful premises and a conclusion | √ | – |
Methods to change social influence | |||
 • Resistance to social pressure | Stimulate students to build skills for resisting social pressure | √ | – |
Methods to change skills, capability and self-efficacy | |||
 • Guided practice | Prompt students to rehearse and repeat the behavior various times, discuss their experiences, and provide feedback | √ | – |
 • Verbal persuasion | Use messages that suggest that the student possesses certain capabilities | √ | – |
 • Planning coping responses | Prompt students to list potential barriers and ways to overcome them | √ | √ |
Methods to increase knowledge | |||
 • Discussion | Encourage consideration of a topic by the students in an open informal debate | √ | √ |
 • Elaboration | Stimulate the student to add meaning to the information that is processed | √ | √ |
Methods to change social norms | |||
 • Entertainment education | Provide a form of entertainment designed both to educate on sexual behavior and to entertain | √ | – |
Methods to change social support and social networks | |||
 • Peer-education | Mobilize members of the target population to serve as credible sources of information and role models | √ | – |