Skip to main content

Table 5 Knockdown times (KdT50 and KdT95) in minutes for Anopheles gambiae s.l. populations from Magu agro-ecosystem zone, Mwanza region, January–September, 2014

From: Farmers’ pesticide usage practices in the malaria endemic region of North-Western Tanzania: implications to the control of malaria vectors

Season

Insecticide

KdT50 Kisumu

KdT50 An. gambiae s.l.

KdT95 An. gambiae s.l.

KdT50R

 

Permethrin 0.75%

44.74 [41–46]

38.01 [31–43]

63. 37 [51–74]

0.85

Long rains

Deltamethrin 0.05%

20.38 [17–22]

28.31 [25–30]

52.67 [51–54]

1.39

Lambdacyhalothrin 0.05%

28.56 [28–29]

26.05 [19–31]

53.59 [49–60]

0.91

Etofenprox 0.5%

27.00 [25–28]

43.47 [40–44]

69.51 [64–72]

1.61

Cyfluthrin 0.15%

16.23 [12–19]

41.98 [39–45]

68.67 [62–77]

2.58

DDT 4%

35.14 [33–35]

35.49 [34–35]

54.49 [52–57]

1.01

Permethrin 0.75%

44.74 [41–46]

44.40 [36–68]

72.61 [54–118]

0.99

Dry season

Deltamethrin 0.05%

20.38 [17–22]

45.36 [42–53]

72.31 [63–84]

2.23

Lambdacyhalothrin 0.05%

28.56 [28–29]

44.85 [40–50]

70.40 [66–80]

1.57

Etofenprox 0.5%

27.00 [25–28]

34.46 [26–38]

58.22 [52–63]

1.27

Cyfluthrin 0.15%

16.23 [12–19]

27.91 [24–30]

51.01 [49–53]

1.72

DDT 4%

35.14 [33–35]

68.11 [45–99]

114.90 [70–180]

1.94

Permethrin 0.75%

44.74 [41–46]

62.40 [53–69]

103.16 [88–114]

1.39

Short rains

Deltamethrin 0.05%

20.38 [17–22]

40.19 [33–42]

64.29 [56–68]

1.97

Lambdacyhalothrin 0.05%

28.56 [28–29]

68.82 [58–82]

114.97 [95–139]

2.41

Etofenprox 0.5%

27.00 [25–28]

48.78 [40–54]

76.09 [62–86]

1.81

Cyfluthrin 0.15%

16.23 [12–19]

50.25 [46–55]

82.66 [77–92]

3.09

DDT 4%

35.14 [33–35]

40.18 [38–14]

61.47 [58–64]

1.14

  1. KdT50 refers to time taken to knock down 50% of tested mosquitoes. KdT50R is the resistance ratio (RR) obtained by dividing the
  2. KdT50 of the tested wild population by the KdT50 of the susceptible strain (Kisumu)