From: Standardised snus packaging reduces brand differentiation: a web-based between-subject experiment
General Appeal | User-Brand Associations | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Social | Urban | Sporty | Elegant | Unique | Tough | ||
Mean Ratings | |||||||
Branded | 3.75 (1.35) | 3.34 (1.17) | 3.02 (1.17) | 2.68 (1.09) | 2.67 (1.16) | 2.96 (1.19) | 3.06 (1.17) |
Standardised non-HWL | 3.76 (1.60) | 3.07 (1.16) | 2.82 (1.18) | 2.44 (1.11) | 2.54 (1.19) | 2.75 (1.23) | 2.99 (1.28) |
Standardised HWL | 3.54 (1.60) | 3.06 (1.24) | 2.83 (1.16) | 2.32 (1.19) | 2.40 (1.14) | 2.68 (1.16) | 3.05 (1.29) |
Within-Participant Variability | |||||||
Branded | 1.17 | 0.85 | 0.96 | 0.92 | 0.95 | 1.09 | 1.21 |
Standardised non-HWL | 0.91 | 0.79 | 0.88 | 0.80 | 0.84 | 0.92 | 0.99 |
Standardised HWL | 0.86 | 0.78 | 0.88 | 0.63 | 0.73 | 0.87 | 0.99 |