Smoking beliefs across genders, a comparative analysis of seven European countries

BMC Public Health

Table 5 Coefficients of country gender differences for each smoking beliefs scale. Contrast coefficients, 95% IC, country classified according to Gender Index of Inequality from the most equal (The Netherlands) to the least (Ireland), Silne R, 2016, N = 12,979

	Gender effect in smoking beliefs (female versus male)
	Positive individual			Negative individual			Positive social			Negative social			Gini INDEX
	Beta	95% IC		Beta	95% IC		Beta	95% IC		Beta	95% IC
All countries	0.03	0.00	0.05	0.04**	0.03	0.05	−0.11**	−0.15	−0.07	0.04**	0.03	0.05
The Netherlands (low Gender Index of Inequality)	0.04	− 0.01	0.10	0.02	−0.01	0.05	− 0.08	− 0.18	0.01	0.07**	0.03	0.10	0.044
Finland	−0.08	− 0.15	− 0.01	0.06**	0.03	0.10	− 0.20**	− 0.32	− 0.08	0.03	− 0.01	0.06	0.056
Germany	0.10	0.03	0.16	0.00	−0.03	0.04	0.05	−0.07	0.17	0.00	−0.04	0.04	0.066
Belgium	−0.03	−0.08	0.02	0.03	0.00	0.07	−0.02	−0.13	0.09	0.06	0.02	0.09	0.073
Italy	0.19**	0.14	0.24	0.05	0.02	0.08	−0.08	−0.17	0.00	0.01	−0.03	0.04	0.085
Portugal	0.00	−0.05	0.05	0.05**	0.02	0.08	−0.20**	−0.31	− 0.10	0.06	0.02	0.09	0.091
Ireland (high Gini)	−0.04	−0.08	0.00	0.04	0.02	0.07	−0.22**	−0.29	− 0.15	0.07**	0.04	0.10	0.127
Model -2LogL	−39,516			−30,042			−21,534			−27,175

Note: the coefficients are contrast estimates from one model for each belief scale
* = p < 0.05; ** = p < 0.001

ISSN: 1471-2458