Table 3 The prevalence of overweight, obesity and abdominal obesity among Chinese adults from the CHNS: 1989–2011
Indicators | 1989 | 1991 | 1993 | 1997 | 2000 | 2004 | 2006 | 2009 | 2011 | Z | P | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
n | %(CI) | n | %(CI) | n | %(CI) | n | %(CI) | n | %(CI) | n | %(CI) | n | %(CI) | n | %(CI) | n | %(CI) | |||
Overweight | ||||||||||||||||||||
 Total | 1080 | 21.26 (20.13–22.38) | 1983 | 23.66 (22.75–24.57) | 2032 | 25.35 (24.39–26.30) | 2469 | 29.14 (28.17–30.11) | 3270 | 34.88 (33.92–35.85) | 3335 | 36.65 (35.66–37.64) | 3405 | 37.67 (36.67–38.67) | 3654 | 38.77 (37.78–39.75) | 5141 | 40.99 (40.13–41.85) | 32.51 | <.0001 |
 Adjusteda | 1080 | 23.82 (22.65–25.00) | 1983 | 24.15 (23.23–25.06) | 2032 | 25.64 (24.68–26.59) | 2469 | 28.93 (27.97–29.90) | 3270 | 34.34 (33.38–35.30) | 3335 | 35.38 (34.39–36.36) | 3405 | 36.01 (35.02–37.00) | 3654 | 36.27 (35.30–37.24) | 5141 | 38.80 (37.95–39.65) |  |  |
 Men | ||||||||||||||||||||
  Overall | 422 | 17.58 (16.05–19.10) | 839 | 20.71 (19.46–21.95) | 885 | 22.89 (21.56–24.21) | 1144 | 27.43 (26.07–28.78) | 1529 | 33.83 (32.45–35.21) | 1607 | 36.96 (35.52–38.39) | 1640 | 38.54 (37.08–40.01) | 1797 | 40.07 (38.63–41.50) | 2535 | 43.04 (41.77–44.30) | 29.03 | <.0001 |
  Adjusteda | 422 | 16.49 (15.01–17.97) | 839 | 21.19 (19.93–22.45) | 885 | 23.17 (21.84–24.50) | 1144 | 27.38 (26.03–28.74) | 1529 | 33.47 (32.10–34.85) | 1607 | 36.26 (34.83–37.69) | 1640 | 37.59 (36.14–39.05) | 1797 | 38.36 (36.94–39.78) | 2535 | 42.04 (40.78–43.30) |  |  |
 Age (years) | ||||||||||||||||||||
  18–39 | 318 | 16.15 (14.52–17.78) | 376 | 17.49 (15.88–19.09) | 365 | 19.03 (17.27–20.79) | 435 | 23.04 (21.14–24.94) | 546 | 29.07 (27.02–31.13) | 468 | 33.12 (30.67–35.58) | 415 | 34.04 (31.38–36.70) | 395 | 33.22 (30.54–35.90) | 526 | 38.85 (36.25–41.44) | 18.88 | <.0001 |
  40–59 | 104 | 24.13 (20.09–28.17) | 334 | 25.61 (23.24–27.98) | 381 | 28.54 (26.12–30.96) | 514 | 32.97 (30.64–35.30) | 706 | 39.03 (36.78–41.28) | 795 | 40.66 (38.49–42.84) | 852 | 42.88 (40.70–45.05) | 909 | 43.96 (41.82–46.09) | 1298 | 46.66 (44.80–48.51) | 14.74 | <.0001 |
  60–100 | 0 | 0.00 | 129 | 21.57 (18.28–24.87) | 139 | 22.64 (19.33–25.95) | 195 | 26.93 (23.70–30.17) | 277 | 33.25 (30.05–36.45) | 344 | 35.10 (32.11–38.09) | 373 | 35.56 (32.66–38.45) | 493 | 40.15 (37.40–42.89) | 711 | 40.54 (38.24–42.83) | 9.80 | <.0001 |
 Women | ||||||||||||||||||||
  Overall | 658 | 24.56 (22.93–26.19) | 1144 | 26.42 (25.11–27.73) | 1147 | 27.64 (26.28–29.00) | 1325 | 30.80 (29.42–32.18) | 1741 | 35.87 (34.52–37.22) | 1728 | 36.36 (35.00–37.73) | 1765 | 36.89 (35.53–38.26) | 1857 | 37.58 (36.23–38.93) | 2606 | 39.17 (38.00–40.34) | 17.18 | <.0001 |
  Adjusteda | 658 | 27.44 (25.75–29.13) | 1144 | 26.90 (25.58–28.22) | 1147 | 27.93 (26.56–29.29) | 1325 | 30.40 (29.03–31.77) | 1741 | 35.10 (33.76–36.45) | 1728 | 34.50 (33.15–35.85) | 1765 | 34.59 (33.24–35.94) | 1857 | 34.27 (32.95–35.59) | 2606 | 36.06 (34.91–37.22) |  |  |
 Age (years) | ||||||||||||||||||||
  18–39 | 515 | 23.02 (21.28–24.77) | 507 | 22.58 (20.85–24.31) | 454 | 22.40 (20.58–24.21) | 446 | 24.76 (22.77–26.76) | 547 | 28.87 (26.83–30.91) | 403 | 27.29 (25.01–29.56) | 364 | 27.25 (24.86–29.63) | 308 | 24.92 (22.51–27.33) | 445 | 27.76 (25.57–29.95) | 6.17 | <.0001 |
  40–59 | 141 | 32.41 (28.02–36.81) | 457 | 32.32 (29.88–34.76) | 502 | 34.60 (32.15–37.04) | 632 | 37.49 (35.17–39.80) | 877 | 43.89 (41.72–46.07) | 948 | 43.69 (41.60–45.77) | 955 | 42.75 (40.70–44.80) | 1037 | 44.64 (42.62–46.66) | 1393 | 44.73 (42.99–46.48) | 8.83 | <.0001 |
  60–100 | 2 | 28.57 (0.00–62.04) | 180 | 26.83 (23.47–30.18) | 191 | 28.42 (25.01–31.83) | 247 | 30.31 (27.15–33.46) | 317 | 32.99 (30.01–35.96) | 377 | 34.12 (31.32–36.91) | 446 | 36.74(34.03–39.45) | 512 | 37.05 (34.50–39.59) | 768 | 39.67 (37.49–41.85) | 5.90 | <.0001 |
Obesity | ||||||||||||||||||||
 Total | 100 | 1.97 (1.59–2.35) | 331 | 3.95 (3.53–4.37) | 333 | 4.15 (3.72–4.59) | 553 | 6.53 (6.00–7.05) | 803 | 8.57 (8.00–9.13) | 901 | 9.90 (9.29–10.51) | 940 | 10.40 (9.77–11.03) | 1102 | 11.69 (11.04–12.34) | 1855 | 14.79 (14.17–15.41) | 32.27 | <.0001 |
 Adjusteda | 100 | 2.15 (1.75–2.54) | 331 | 4.24 (3.81–4.67) | 333 | 4.26 (3.82–4.71) | 553 | 6.41 (5.89–6.93) | 803 | 8.31 (7.76–8.87) | 901 | 9.20 (8.61–9.79) | 940 | 9.69 (9.08–10.30) | 1102 | 11.02 (10.39–11.65) | 1855 | 13.99 (13.38–14.59) |  |  |
 Men | ||||||||||||||||||||
  Overall | 30 | 1.25 (0.81–1.69) | 125 | 3.08 (2.55–3.62) | 119 | 3.08 (2.53–3.62) | 238 | 5.71 (5.00–6.41) | 334 | 7.39 (6.63–8.15) | 389 | 8.95 (8.10–9.80) | 401 | 9.42 (8.55–10.30) | 495 | 11.04 (10.12–11.95) | 853 | 14.48 (13.58–15.38) | 24.18 | <.0001 |
  Adjusteda | 30 | 1.46 (0.98–1.94) | 125 | 3.30 (2.75–3.85) | 119 | 3.15 (2.59–3.70) | 238 | 5.65 (4.95–6.35) | 334 | 7.32 (6.56–8.08) | 389 | 8.60 (7.76–9.43) | 401 | 9.53 (8.64–10.41) | 495 | 11.44 (10.51–12.37) | 853 | 14.99(14.08–15.90) |  |  |
 Age (years) | ||||||||||||||||||||
  18–39 | 18 | 0.91 (0.49–1.33) | 33 | 1.53 (1.02–2.05) | 36 | 1.88 (1.27–2.48) | 77 | 4.08 (3.19–4.97) | 124 | 6.60 (5.48–7.73) | 101 | 7.15 (5.80–8.49) | 118 | 9.68 (8.02–11.34) | 142 | 11.94 (10.10–13.79) | 212 | 15.66 (13.72–17.59) | 20.55 | <.0001 |
  40–59 | 12 | 2.78 (1.23–4.34) | 55 | 4.22 (3.13–5.31) | 49 | 3.67 (2.66–4.68) | 94 | 6.03 (4.85–7.21) | 138 | 7.63 (6.41–8.85) | 199 | 10.18 (8.84–11.52) | 197 | 9.91 (8.60–11.23) | 255 | 12.33 (10.91–13.75) | 430 | 15.46 (14.11–16.80) | 13.19 | <.0001 |
  60–100 | 0 | 0.00 | 37 | 6.19 (4.26–8.12) | 34 | 5.54 (3.73–7.35) | 67 | 9.25(7.14–11.37) | 72 | 8.64 (6.74–10.55) | 89 | 9.08 (7.28–10.88) | 86 | 8.20 (6.54–9.86) | 98 | 7.98 (6.46–9.50) | 211 | 12.03(10.51–13.55) | 4.03 | <.0001 |
 Women | ||||||||||||||||||||
  Overall | 70 | 2.61(2.01–3.22) | 206 | 4.76(4.12–5.39) | 214 | 5.16 (4.48–5.83) | 315 | 7.32 (6.54–8.10) | 469 | 9.66 (8.83–10.49) | 512 | 10.77 (9.89–11.66) | 539 | 11.27 (10.37–12.16) | 607 | 12.28 (11.37–13.20) | 1002 | 15.06 (14.20–15.92) | 21.38 | <.0001 |
  Adjusteda | 70 | 2.78 (2.16–3.40) | 206 | 5.10 (4.45–5.76) | 214 | 5.30 (4.62–5.98) | 315 | 7.11 (6.34–7.87) | 469 | 9.19 (8.38–10.00) | 512 | 9.75 (8.90–10.59) | 539 | 9.83 (8.98–10.67) | 607 | 10.60 (9.74–11.46) | 1002 | 13.22 (12.40–14.03) |  |  |
 Age (years) | ||||||||||||||||||||
  18–39 | 49 | 2.19 (1.58–2.80) | 44 | 1.96 (1.39–2.53) | 55 | 2.71 (2.01–3.42) | 77 | 4.28 (3.34–5.21) | 104 | 5.49 (4.46–6.51) | 90 | 6.09 (4.87–7.31) | 75 | 5.61 (4.38–6.85) | 79 | 6.39 (5.03–7.76) | 138 | 8.61 (7.24–9.98) | 11.49 | <.0001 |
  40–59 | 21 | 4.83 (2.81–6.84) | 111 | 7.85 (6.45–9.25) | 105 | 7.24 (5.90–8.57) | 152 | 9.02 (7.65–10.38) | 238 | 11.91 (10.49–13.33) | 263 | 12.12 (10.75–13.49) | 286 | 12.80 (11.42–14.19) | 317 | 13.65 (12.25–15.04) | 536 | 17.21 (15.89–18.54) | 10.92 | <.0001 |
  60–100 | 0 | 0.00 | 51 | 7.60 (5.60–9.61) | 54 | 8.04 (5.98–10.09) | 86 | 10.55 (8.44–12.66) | 127 | 13.22 (11.07–15.36) | 159 | 14.39 (12.32–16.46) | 178 | 14.66 (12.67–16.65) | 211 | 15.27 (13.37–17.16) | 328 | 16.94 (15.27–18.61) | 7.06 | <.0001 |
Abdominal obesity | ||||||||||||||||||||
 Total | – | – | – | – | 1477 | 19.33 (18.44–20.22) | 1982 | 24.05 (23.13–24.97) | 2901 | 31.36 (30.41–32.30) | 3200 | 35.67 (34.68–36.66) | 3350 | 37.86 (36.85–38.87) | 3994 | 42.82 (41.81–43.82) | 5933 | 47.34 (46.47–48.22) | 51.31 | <.0001 |
 Adjusteda | – | – | – | – | 1477 | 19.84 (18.96–20.71) | 1982 | 23.56 (22.65–24.46) | 2901 | 30.18 (29.25–31.11) | 3200 | 32.73 (31.76–33.69) | 3350 | 34.41 (33.43–35.39) | 3994 | 38.68 (37.7–39.66) | 5933 | 43.15 (42.28–44.01) |  |  |
 Men | ||||||||||||||||||||
  Overall | – | – | – | – | 330 | 8.96 (8.04–9.88) | 595 | 14.64 (13.55–15.73) | 921 | 20.63 (19.44–21.81) | 1017 | 23.75 (22.47–25.02) | 1064 | 25.53 (24.21–26.86) | 1344 | 30.30 (28.95–31.66) | 2139 | 36.34 (35.11–37.57) | 35.57 | <.0001 |
 Adjusteda | – | – | – | – | 330 | 9.17 (8.26–10.08) | 595 | 14.49 (13.42–15.56) | 921 | 20.20 (19.03–21.37) | 1017 | 22.43 (21.19–23.67) | 1064 | 24.06 (22.77–25.34) | 1344 | 28.61 (27.29–29.94) | 2139 | 34.70 (33.49–35.92) |  |  |
 Age (years) | ||||||||||||||||||||
  18–39 | – | – | – | – | 92 | 5.04 (4.04–6.05) | 181 | 9.85 (8.49–11.22) | 295 | 15.91 (14.25–17.58) | 242 | 17.39 (15.39–19.38) | 233 | 19.55 (17.30–21.80) | 281 | 23.94 (21.49–26.38) | 414 | 30.60 (28.14–33.05) | 21.60 | <.0001 |
  40–59 | – | – | – | – | 141 | 11.09 (9.37–12.82) | 246 | 16.19 (14.34–18.05) | 395 | 22.14 (20.21–24.07) | 509 | 26.44 (24.47–28.41) | 546 | 28.04 (26.05–30.04) | 674 | 32.88 (30.84–34.91) | 1083 | 38.96 (37.14–40.77) | 21.14 | <.0001 |
  60–100 | – | – | – | – | 97 | 16.47 (13.47–19.46) | 168 | 23.73 (20.06–26.86) | 231 | 27.93 (24.87–30.99) | 266 | 27.54 (24.72–30.35) | 285 | 27.72 (24.99–30.46) | 389 | 32.12 (29.49–34.75) | 642 | 36.62 (34.37–38.88) | 10.21 | <.0001 |
 Women | ||||||||||||||||||||
  Overall | – | – | – | – | 1147 | 28.99 (27.57–30.40) | 1387 | 33.21 (31.78–34.63) | 1980 | 41.36 (39.97–42.76) | 2183 | 46.57 (45.14–47.99) | 2286 | 48.83 (47.39–50.26) | 2650 | 54.16 (52.76–55.56) | 3794 | 57.09 (55.90–58.28) | 37.81 | <.0001 |
  Adjusteda | – | – | – | – | 1147 | 29.75 (28.36–31.14) | 1387 | 32.18 (30.78–33.57) | 1980 | 39.32 (37.95–40.70) | 2183 | 42.13 (40.73–43.54) | 2286 | 43.66 (42.26–45.07) | 2650 | 47.85 (46.46–49.24) | 3794 | 50.75 (49.55–51.95) |  |  |
 Age (years) | ||||||||||||||||||||
  18–39 | – | – | – | – | 308 | 15.97 (14.33–17.60) | 333 | 19.09 (17.25–20.94) | 442 | 23.76 (21.83–25.70) | 381 | 26.13 (23.88–28.39) | 373 | 28.56 (26.11–31.01) | 395 | 32.30 (29.68–34.92) | 574 | 35.85 (33.50–38.20) | 16.19 | <.0001 |
  40–59 | – | – | – | – | 540 | 38.71 (36.15–41.27) | 674 | 41.22 (38.84–43.61) | 1003 | 50.76 (48.55–52.96) | 1157 | 53.89 (51.78–56.00) | 1193 | 54.50 (52.41–56.59) | 1348 | 58.53 (56.52–60.54) | 1901 | 61.11 (59.39–62.82) | 18.03 | <.0001 |
  60–100 | – | – | – | – | 299 | 47.24 (43.35–51.12) | 380 | 47.62 (44.15–51.08) | 535 | 56.26 (53.10–59.41) | 645 | 59.56 (56.63–62.48) | 720 | 60.66 (57.88–63.44) | 907 | 66.35 (63.84–68.85) | 1319 | 68.20 (66.13–70.28) | 12.05 | <.0001 |