Table 2 Overview of each study included in the review
Authors, Year | Setting | Country | Population (sample size, n) | Food category | Type of claim | Outcome areas of focus |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Chan et al., 2005 [31] | Content analysis of transcript | AU | 20–80 y/o (36) | • Any food | • Low-fat | • Food intake • Purchases |
Bialkova et al., 2016 [32] | Experimental | DE | 18–64 y/o (240) | • Chipsa • Cerealsa | • 30% less fat (chips) • 30% less sugar (cereals) vs. no claim | • Experienced tastiness • Purchase intentions |
Mai & Hoffmann, 2015 (study 3) [33] | Experimental | DE | av. 21.3 y/o (475) | • Yogurtb | • Reduced-fat • Reduced-sugar vs. Regular | • Health consciousness • Perceived healthfulness • Experienced tastiness • Purchase intentions |
Roefs & Jansen 2004 [34] | Experimental | NL | women (44) | • Milkshakea | • Low-fat vs. High-fat | • Food intake |
Faulkner et al., 2014 [35] | Experimental | UK | av. 26 y/o 21–44 y/o (186) | • Coleslaw | • Reduced-fat vs. Standard | • Perceived appropriate portion size • Perceived energy content |
Norton et al., 2013 [36] | Experimental | UK | av. 24.3 y/o 18–60 y/o (87) | • Milk chocolatea | • Reduced-fat vs. no claim | • Perceived tastiness • Experienced tastiness |
Andrews et al., 2009 [37] | Experimental | US | 18+ y/o (480) | • Chocolate | • Half-the-fat • Half-the-calories vs. no claim | • Perceived healthfulness |
Belei, et al., 2012 (study 1) [38] | Experimental | US | undergraduate students (109) | • Chocolatea | • Low-fat vs. Regular | • Food intake |
Ebneter et al., 2013 [39] | Experimental | US | women av. 20.86 y/o (175) | • M&M's.a | • Low-fat vs. Regular | • Perceived energy content • Perceived healthfulness |
Wansink & Chandon, 2006 (study 2) [40] | Experimental | US | av. 38 y/o (74) | • M&M's. • Granola bara | • Low-fat vs. Regular | • Perceived appropriate portion size • Perceived energy content • Consumption guilt • Weight status |
Wansink & Chandon, 2006 (study 1) [40] | Real-word setting | US | 18+ y/o (269) | • M&M's.a | • Low-fat vs. Regular | • Food intake • Weight status |