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Table 4 Odds ratio for unit change in proximity to any motorway infrastructure for likelihood having walked and/or cycled in the local area, and by walking and cycling type, by study area, using maximally adjusted model

From: Local walking and cycling by residents living near urban motorways: cross-sectional analysis

Study Area

Type of walking and/or cycling in local area

Odds ratio (95% CI) for total walking and cycling

Odds ratio (95% CI) for walking and cycling as active travel

Odd ratio (95% CI) for walking and cycling for recreation

South (new motorway)

1.98 (0.93,4.22)

1.95 (0.95,4.02)

0.63 (0.39,1.00)

East (longstanding motorway)

0.89 (0.52,1.52)

0.90 (0.53,1.52)

0.97 (0.68,1.37)

North (no motorway)

1.30 (0.54,3.14)

1.40 (0.58,3.37)

0.70 (0.41,1.20)

  1. Models adjusted for age, gender, home ownership, regular activities outside the home, car ownership, difficulty walking and years lived in the local area