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Table 4 Multinomial logistic regression model of illicit drug use experience (reference group: illicit drug-naïve) on binary ketamine expectancies with adjustment for sociodemographics and early-onset tobacco use (N = 1115)

From: Mis-anaesthetized society: expectancies and recreational use of ketamine in Taiwan

Variables

Any ketamine use

The other illicit drug use

aOR

95% CI

aOR

95% CI

Model 1

 Male

1.20

(0.68–2.12)

1.27

(0.71–2.28)

 Education < college

1.48

(0.83–2.61)

0.82

(0.45–1.49)

 Unemployment

4.76

(1.59–14.19)

5.43

(2.54–11.6)

 Age in years

0.94

(0.91–0.98)

1.01

(0.98–1.04)

 Early-onset tobacco use

2.39

(1.36–4.21)

2.44

(1.39–4.28)

 High Positive expectancies

10.04

(5.23–19.27)

3.10

(1.55–6.22)

 High Negative expectancies

0.15

(0.08–0.26)

0.40

(0.21–0.76)

Model 2

 Male

1.20

(0.67–2.14)

1.26

(0.7–2.26)

 Education < college

1.46

(0.82–2.61)

0.81

(0.45–1.48)

 Unemployment

4.70

(1.60–13.76)

5.25

(2.52–10.93)

 Age in years

0.94

(0.91–0.98)

1.01

(0.98–1.04)

 Early-onset tobacco use

2.45

(1.37–4.36)

2.53

(1.45–4.39)

Ketamine expectancy combination (ref: Low Positive-High Negative)

 Low Positive-Low Negative

3.58

(1.13–11.35)

0.87

(0.36–2.07)

 High Positive-High Negative

5.49

(1.75–17.23)

1.24

(0.56–2.74)

 High Positive-Low Negative

43.47

(14.55–129.86)

4.87

(1.96–12.14)

  1. Note: (1) high or low expectancies are divided by the median of the illicit drug-naïve
  2. (2): statistically significant results are highlighted in bold