Table 1 Summary statistics of study sample
From: Maternal experiences of ethnic discrimination and subsequent birth outcomes in Aotearoa New Zealand
Total sample (N = 1653) | Māori (N = 510) | Pacific (N = 452) | Asian (N = 691) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Age (years) | 29.5 (5.6) | 28.7 (6.2) | 29.5 (6.2) | 30.2 (4.7) |
Education category | 2.07 (1.10) | 1.8 (1.05) | 1.7 (0.98) | 2.6 (1.0) |
Household income category | 4.2 (1.6) | 4.3 (1.6) | 3.9 (1.6) | 4.3 (1.5) |
Had partner/married in pregnancy | 96% (1594) | 93% (473) | 95% (430) | 100% (691) |
Smoked in pregnancy | 23% (373) | 38% (193) | 32% (143) | 5% (37) |
BMI (kg/m2) | 26.3 (6.8) | 27.6 (6.2) | 31.0 (7.6) | 22.3 (3.7) |
Birth weight (g) | 3481 (584) | 3475 (568) | 3627 (595) | 3242 (542) |
Low birth weight (< 2500 g) | 5.0% (340) | 5.0% (47) | 3.0% (30) | 6.5% (65) |
Gestation length (weeks) | 39.1 (1.9) | 39.1 (1.8) | 39.1 (1.9) | 38.9 (1.8) |
Preterm birth (< 37 weeks) | 6.4% (436) | 5.8% (55) | 5.4% (54) | 6.4% (64) |
Ever experienced verbal attack | 26% (427) | 33% (170) | 20% (90) | 24% (167) |
Ever experienced physical attack | 4% (59) | 5% (25) | 4% (17) | 2% (17) |
Any unfair treatment | 30% (498) | 37% (189) | 28% (127) | 27% (182) |