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Table 3 Distribution of head or neck injury according to a set of independent variables

From: Walking against or with traffic? Evaluating pedestrian fatalities and head injuries in Taiwan

 

N

Head and neck

Other parts

χ2 test

n (%)

n (%)

p value

Total

14,382

1561 (10.85)

12,821 (88.15)

 

Pedestrian gender

   

< 0.001

 Male

6025 (41.89)

732 (12.15)

5302 (87.85)

 

 Female

8357 (58.11)

838 (10.03)

7519 (89.97)

 

Driver gender

   

< 0.001

 Male

9958 (69.24)

1147 (11.52)

8811 (88.48)

 

 Female

4424 (30.76)

414 (9.36)

4010 (90.64)

 

Pedestrian age

   

< 0.001

  < 18

1079 (7.50)

117 (10.84)

962 (89.16)

 

 18–40

3250 (22.60)

228 (7.02)

3022 (92.98)

 

 41–64

5045 (35.08)

548 (10.86)

4497 (89.14)

 

  ≥ 65

5008 (34.82)

668 (13.34)

4340 (86.66)

 

Driver age

   

0.083

  < 18

275 (1.91)

36 (13.10)

239 (86.90)

 

 18–40

7912 (55.01)

870 (11.00)

7042 (89.00)

 

 41–64

5169 (35.94)

566 (10.95)

4603 (89.05)

 

  ≥ 65

1026 (7.13)

89 (8.67)

937 (91.33)

 

Driver alcohol use

   

0.011

 Yes

853 (5.93)

115 (13.48)

738 (86.52)

 

 No

13,529 (94.07)

1446 (10.69)

12,083 (89.31)

 

Months

   

0.107

 Spring/summer

6689 (46.51)

696 (10.41)

5993 (89.59)

 

 Autumn/winter

7693 (53.49)

865 (11.24)

6828 (88.76)

 

Weather

   

< 0.001

 Good

9734 (67.68)

991 (10.18)

8743 (89.82)

 

 Adverse

4648 (32.32)

570 (12.26)

4078 (87.74)

 

Location

   

0.015

 Urban (speed limit <=50 km)

4322 (30.05)

419 (9.69)

3903 (90.31)

 

 Rural (speed limit > 51 km)

10,060 (69.95)

1112 (11.05)

8948 (88.95)

 

Light condition

   

< 0.001

 Daylight

7440 (51.73)

734 (9.87)

6706 (90.13)

 

 Dark lit

6124 (42.58)

694 (11.33)

5430 (88.67)

 

 Dark unlit

818 (5.69)

133 (16.30)

685 (83.70)

 

Road surface condition

   

0.002

 Dry

10,941 (76.07)

1137 (10.40)

9804 (89.60)

 

 Slippery

3441 (23.93)

434 (12.30)

3017 (87.70)

 

Sight distance

   

0.002

 Adequate

13,704 (95.29)

1463 (10.65)

12,241 (89.35)

 

 Limited

678 (4.71)

98 (14.55)

580 (85.55)

 

Walking direction

   

0.050

 With traffic

10,749 (74.74)

1198 (11.15)

9551 (88.85)

 

 Against traffic

3633 (25.26)

363 (9.99)

3270 (90.01)

 

Crash partner

   

< 0.001

 Large vehicle

1252 (8.70)

246 (19.65)

1006 (80.35)

 

 Car

4904 (34.10)

352 (7.18)

4552 (92.82)

 

 Motorcycle

8226 (57.20)

963 (11.71)

7263 (88.29)

 

Day of week

   

0.903

 Weekend

3637 (25.29)

397 (10.92)

3240 (89.08)

 

 Weekday

10,745 (74.71)

1164 (10.83)

9581 (89.17)

 

Time of crash

   

< 0.001

 Rush hour (0700–0859,1700–1859)

4210 (29.27)

462 (10.97)

3748 (89.03)

 

 Non rush hour (0900–1659)

4251 (29.56)

385 (9.06)

3866 (90.94)

 

 Evening hour (1900–2359)

4572((31.79)

511 (11.18)

4061 (88.82)

 

 Midnight (00–0659)

1349 (9.38)

203 (15.05)

1146 (84.95)