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Table 1 Characteristics of middle-aged males in each prefecture between 2005 and 2010

From: Exercise or sports in midlife and healthy life expectancy: an ecological study in all prefectures in Japan

 

2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

Mean ± SD

Min

Max

Mean ± SD

Min

Max

Mean ± SD

Min

Max

Mean ± SD

Min

Max

Mean ± SD

Min

Max

Mean ± SD

Min

Max

Age (Years)

54.6 ± 0.3

53.7

55.7

55.7 ± 0.2

55.1

56.6

56.7 ± 0.3

55.9

57.8

57.7 ± 0.3

57.1

58.6

58.7 ± 0.2

58.0

59.5

59.7 ± 0.3

59.2

60.7

Living with others (%)

93.5 ± 2.5

86.2

97.7

94.6 ± 2.3

87.4

98.7

95.0 ± 2.1

90.1

99.0

94.3 ± 2.2

89.1

97.5

94.4 ± 2.6

87.1

100.0

94.4 ± 2.5

86.8

98.4

Employed (%)

93.9 ± 1.7

89.6

97.6

92.6 ± 2.2

86.0

96.2

91.1 ± 2.7

83.5

96.4

89.1 ± 2.9

81.5

93.6

85.6 ± 2.8

79.5

90.7

83.7 ± 3.4

74.7

94.7

Presence of chronic diseases (%)

34.1 ± 3.5

24.3

41.1

46.2 ± 3.8

36.1

53.1

49.4 ± 3.9

37.6

58.6

48.5 ± 4.3

37.5

58.1

50.1 ± 4.1

41.1

58.7

50.4 ± 4.5

41.6

60.1

Exercise or sports (%)

41.6 ± 5.6

28.9

51.9

43.4 ± 6.0

32.3

57.0

44.7 ± 6.0

29.8

57.2

45.4 ± 6.2

31.8

58.6

46.5 ± 6.3

33.1

56.8

47.4 ± 6.1

34.2

57.6

Specific activity methods of exercise or sports

 By oneself (%)

15.9 ± 2.9

11.0

22.7

17.4 ± 3.5

10.0

25.9

19.0 ± 3.5

11.9

26.5

20.2 ± 3.2

13.5

28.4

21.0 ± 3.5

10.9

28.1

22.5 ± 3.8

14.1

31.5

 With families or friends (%)

15.0 ± 3.0

7.5

21.1

15.5 ± 3.8

7.2

25.2

15.5 ± 4.0

8.4

26.7

15.6 ± 3.8

5.4

24.1

16.2 ± 3.7

8.2

23.4

15.5 ± 4.1

6.4

26.5

 With co-workers (%)

6.5 ± 2.0

2.1

10.6

6.4 ± 2.4

1.8

12.6

5.9 ± 2.3

2.0

10.5

5.3 ± 2.4

0.0

9.4

5.2 ± 1.6

2.4

8.6

4.6 ± 2.2

0.0

9.7

 In a neighborhood community association (%)

3.5 ± 2.0

0.6

9.3

3.5 ± 2.6

0.0

11.3

3.6 ± 2.4

0.5

11.9

3.5 ± 2.5

0.0

12.0

3.4 ± 2.8

0.0

12.9

4.0 ± 3.3

0.8

20.0

 In a non-profit organization or corporation in the public interest (%)

0.6 ± 0.6

0.0

2.7

0.7 ± 0.8

0.0

3.3

0.8 ± 0.9

0.0

3.6

0.7 ± 0.7

0.0

3.0

0.7 ± 0.6

0.0

2.4

0.8 ± 0.8

0.0

3.8

  1. SD Standard deviation